Department of Periodontics, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Periodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2024 Jan;40(1):e12946. doi: 10.1111/phpp.12946.
Periodontitis, a chronic infectious disease, is primarily caused by a dysbiotic microbiome, leading to the destruction of tooth-supporting tissues and tooth loss. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), which combines excitation light with photosensitizers (PS) and oxygen to produce antibacterial reactive oxygen species, is emerging as a promising adjuvant treatment for periodontitis.
This review focuses on studies examining the antibacterial effects of PDT against periodontal pathogens. It also explores the impact of PDT on various aspects of periodontal health, including periodontal immune cells, human gingival fibroblasts, gingival collagen, inflammatory mediators, cytokines in the periodontium, vascular oxidative stress, vascular behavior, and alveolar bone health. Clinical trials assessing the types of PSs and light sources used in PDT, as well as its effects on clinical and immune factors in gingival sulcus fluid and the bacterial composition of dental plaque, are discussed.
The findings indicate that PDT is effective in reducing periodontal pathogens and improving markers of periodontal health. It has shown positive impacts on periodontal immune response, tissue integrity, and alveolar bone preservation. Clinical trials have demonstrated improvements in periodontal health and alterations in the microbial composition of dental plaque when PDT is used alongside conventional treatments.
PDT offers a promising adjunctive treatment for periodontitis, with benefits in bacterial reduction, tissue healing, and immune modulation. This article highlights the potential of PDT in periodontal therapy and emphasizes the need for further research to refine its clinical application and efficacy.
牙周炎是一种慢性传染病，主要由失调的微生物组引起，导致牙齿支持组织破坏和牙齿丧失。光动力疗法（PDT）结合激发光与光敏剂（PS）和氧气产生抗菌活性氧物质，作为牙周炎的一种有前途的辅助治疗方法正在出现。
本综述重点关注研究 PDT 对牙周致病菌的抗菌作用。它还探讨了 PDT 对牙周健康各个方面的影响，包括牙周免疫细胞、人牙龈成纤维细胞、牙龈胶原、炎症介质、牙周组织中的细胞因子、血管氧化应激、血管行为和牙槽骨健康。讨论了评估 PDT 中使用的 PS 和光源类型的临床试验，以及其对龈沟液中临床和免疫因素以及牙菌斑细菌组成的影响。
研究结果表明，PDT 可有效减少牙周致病菌并改善牙周健康标志物。它对牙周免疫反应、组织完整性和牙槽骨保存有积极影响。临床试验表明，当 PDT 与常规治疗联合使用时，牙周健康状况得到改善，牙菌斑的微生物组成发生变化。
PDT 为牙周炎提供了一种有前途的辅助治疗方法，具有减少细菌、促进组织愈合和调节免疫的作用。本文强调了 PDT 在牙周治疗中的潜力，并强调需要进一步研究以完善其临床应用和疗效。
