Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
Departments of Family Medicine and Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2024 Aug;231(2):223-230.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.01.019. Epub 2024 Jan 28.
In 2018, cisgender women accounted for nearly 20% of new HIV infections, with women of color disproportionately affected. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake, adherence, and persistence are paramount to ending the HIV epidemic, but current strategies to promote it have not improved uptake among women. Alternatively, pre-exposure prophylaxis marketing and implementation have traditionally targeted men who have sex with men and transwomen. Women feel most comfortable turning to their primary care and reproductive health providers for HIV and pre-exposure prophylaxis counseling, but prescribing is the lowest among these providers. Thus, reframing pre-exposure prophylaxis counseling and education strategies is crucial to better engage providers and patients. Motivational interviewing is a person-centered counseling style for eliciting behavior change. Providers use 4 core skills-open-ended questions, affirmation, reflective listening, and summarizing-to empower individuals for behavior change, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis use. Motivational interviewing is brief, individualized, and effective in increasing pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake, regardless of patients' readiness to change. Primary care and reproductive health providers can employ motivational interviewing approaches with pre-exposure prophylaxis counseling to increase uptake among cisgender women and end the HIV epidemic.
2018 年,跨性别女性占新增 HIV 感染人数的近 20%,其中有色人种女性受影响尤为严重。HIV 暴露前预防(PrEP)的使用率、依从性和持久性对终结 HIV 流行至关重要,但目前促进 PrEP 使用的策略并未提高女性的使用率。相反,PrEP 的营销和实施传统上针对与男性发生性行为的男性和跨性别女性。女性最愿意向初级保健和生殖健康提供者寻求 HIV 和 PrEP 咨询,但这些提供者的处方率最低。因此,重新调整 PrEP 咨询和教育策略对于更好地吸引提供者和患者至关重要。动机性访谈是一种以患者为中心的咨询方式,用于引发行为改变。提供者使用 4 项核心技能——开放性问题、肯定、倾听和总结——来增强个人进行行为改变的能力,例如使用 PrEP。动机性访谈简短、个性化,无论患者改变的准备程度如何,都能有效提高 PrEP 的使用率。初级保健和生殖健康提供者可以在 PrEP 咨询中采用动机性访谈方法,以提高跨性别女性的使用率,终结 HIV 流行。