RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Fortstr. 7, 76829, Landau, Germany.
Behav Res Methods. 2024 Sep;56(6):6150-6164. doi: 10.3758/s13428-024-02346-y. Epub 2024 Jan 30.
Ambulatory assessment (AA) studies are frequently used to study emotions, cognitions, and behavior in daily life. But does the measurement itself produce reactivity, that is, are the constructs that are measured influenced by participation? We investigated individual differences in intraindividual change in momentary emotional clarity and momentary pleasant-unpleasant mood over the course of an AA study. Specifically, we experimentally manipulated sampling frequency and hypothesized that the intraindividual change over time would be stronger when sampling frequency was high (vs. low). Moreover, we assumed that individual differences in dispositional mood regulation would moderate the direction of intraindividual change in momentary pleasant-unpleasant mood over time. Students (n = 313) were prompted either three or nine times a day for 1 week (data collection took place in 2019 and 2020). Multilevel growth curve models showed that momentary emotional clarity increased within participants over the course of the AA phase, but this increase did not differ between the two sampling frequency groups. Pleasant-unpleasant mood did not show a systematic trend over the course of the study, and mood regulation did not predict individual differences in mood change over time. Again, results were not moderated by the sampling frequency group. We discuss limitations of our study (e.g., WEIRD sample) and potential practical implications regarding sampling frequency in AA studies. Future studies should further systematically investigate the circumstances under which measurement reactivity is more likely to occur.
门诊评估 (AA) 研究常用于研究日常生活中的情绪、认知和行为。但是，测量本身是否会产生反应性，也就是说，所测量的结构是否会受到参与的影响？我们研究了在 AA 研究过程中个体的瞬时情绪清晰度和瞬时愉快-不愉快情绪的个体内变化的个体差异。具体来说，我们实验性地操纵了采样频率，并假设当采样频率较高（而非较低）时，个体内随时间的变化会更强。此外，我们假设，倾向于情绪调节的个体差异会调节随时间变化的瞬时愉快-不愉快情绪的个体内变化的方向。学生（n = 313）每天被提示三到九次（数据收集在 2019 年和 2020 年进行）。多层次增长曲线模型表明，参与者在 AA 阶段内情绪清晰度会逐渐增加，但在两个采样频率组之间，这种增加没有差异。愉快-不愉快情绪在研究过程中没有显示出系统的趋势，情绪调节也不能预测随时间变化的情绪变化的个体差异。同样，结果不受采样频率组的调节。我们讨论了我们研究的局限性（例如，WEIRD 样本）以及关于 AA 研究中采样频率的潜在实际意义。未来的研究应进一步系统地研究测量反应性更有可能发生的情况。
