School of Medicine, Department of Human Anatomy, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
Department of Ophthalmology, Arba Minch General Hospital, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jan 30;14(1):2542. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-53056-6.
Visual impairment is a functional limitation of the eye caused by a disorder or disease that can reduce one's ability to perform daily activities. Many studies in Ethiopia have focused on childhood visual impairments. We assessed the prevalence and factors associated with visual impairment among adults aged 40 and above. Community-based cross-sectional study was done and a systematic sampling technique was used to select 655 participants. Data were collected by interviewer administered questionnaire, E-Snell chart, pinhole, torch light, and magnifying loupe. SPSS version 25 was used for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with outcome variable. The overall prevalence of visual impairment was found to be 36.95% (95% CI 33.2-40.8%). Factors associated with a higher odds of visual impairment included aged 51-60 years (AOR 2.37, 95% CI 1.29-4.44), aged 61 and above (AOR 8.9, 95% CI 4.86-16.3), low wealth index (AOR 1.91, 95% CI 1.14-3.2), divorced and widowed (AOR 4.67, 95% CI 2.77-7.86), no formal education (AOR 14.28, 95% CI 2.82-71.46), not utilizing eyeglass (AOR 3.94, 95% CI 1.65-9.40). The prevalence of visual impairment was relatively high compared to other studies. Age, marital status, occupation, educational status, wealth index, and not using eyeglasses were significantly associated with visual impairment. Refractory error is the leading cause of visual impairment. Early eye care service interventions are needed in this area.
视力障碍是由疾病或障碍引起的眼部功能限制，会降低一个人进行日常活动的能力。埃塞俄比亚的许多研究都集中在儿童视力障碍上。我们评估了 40 岁及以上成年人视力障碍的患病率和相关因素。进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究，并使用系统抽样技术选择了 655 名参与者。数据由访谈员管理的问卷、E-Snell 图表、针孔、手电筒和放大镜收集。使用 SPSS 版本 25 进行分析。进行了单变量和多变量分析，以确定与结果变量相关的因素。总体视力障碍患病率为 36.95%（95%CI 33.2-40.8%）。与视力障碍发生几率较高相关的因素包括 51-60 岁（AOR 2.37，95%CI 1.29-4.44）、61 岁及以上（AOR 8.9，95%CI 4.86-16.3）、低财富指数（AOR 1.91，95%CI 1.14-3.2）、离婚和丧偶（AOR 4.67，95%CI 2.77-7.86）、未接受正规教育（AOR 14.28，95%CI 2.82-71.46）、不使用眼镜（AOR 3.94，95%CI 1.65-9.40）。与其他研究相比，视力障碍的患病率相对较高。年龄、婚姻状况、职业、教育程度、财富指数和不使用眼镜与视力障碍显著相关。屈光不正为视力障碍的主要原因。该地区需要早期眼部保健服务干预。
