Department of Health management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Health Economy & Health Technology Assessment, Zhengzhou, China.
J Clin Nurs. 2024 Jun;33(6):2165-2177. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16958. Epub 2024 Jan 30.
To investigate whether chronic diseases are associated with higher COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and explore factors that influence COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in patients with chronic diseases.
Vaccine hesitancy has been acknowledged as one of the greatest hazards to public health. However, little information is available about COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among patients with chronic diseases who may be more susceptible to COVID-19 infection, severe disease or death.
From 6 to 9 August 2021, we performed an internet-based cross-sectional survey with 22,954 participants (14.78% participants with chronic diseases). Propensity score matching with 1:1 nearest neighbourhood was used to reduce confounding factors between patients with chronic diseases and the general population. Using a multivariable logistic regression model, the factors impacting COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy were identified among patients with chronic diseases.
Both before and after propensity score matching, patients with chronic diseases had higher COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy than the general population. In addition, self-reported poor health, multiple chronic diseases, lower sociodemographic backgrounds and lower trust in nurses and doctors were associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among patients with chronic diseases.
Patients with chronic diseases were more hesitant about the COVID-19 vaccine. Nurses should focus on patients with chronic diseases with poor health conditions, low socioeconomic backgrounds and low trust in the healthcare system.
Clinical nurses are recommended to not only pay more attention to the health status and sociodemographic characteristics of patients with chronic diseases but also build trust between nurses and patients by improving service levels and professional capabilities in clinical practice.
Patients or the public were not involved in setting the research question, the outcome measures, or the design or implementation of the study. However, all participants were invited to complete the digital informed consent and questionnaires.
调查慢性病是否与更高的 COVID-19 疫苗犹豫相关，并探讨影响慢性病患者 COVID-19 疫苗犹豫的因素。
疫苗犹豫已被认为是对公共卫生的最大威胁之一。然而，关于慢性病患者对 COVID-19 疫苗的犹豫情况，我们知之甚少，这些患者可能更容易感染 COVID-19、患重病或死亡。
我们于 2021 年 8 月 6 日至 9 日进行了一项基于互联网的横断面调查，共有 22954 名参与者（14.78%的参与者患有慢性病）。采用 1:1 最近邻匹配的倾向评分匹配法，以减少慢性病患者和一般人群之间的混杂因素。采用多变量逻辑回归模型，确定慢性病患者中影响 COVID-19 疫苗犹豫的因素。
在倾向评分匹配前后，慢性病患者的 COVID-19 疫苗犹豫率均高于一般人群。此外，自我报告的健康状况不佳、患有多种慢性病、较低的社会经济背景以及对护士和医生的信任度较低，与慢性病患者的 COVID-19 疫苗犹豫相关。
慢性病患者对 COVID-19 疫苗更为犹豫。护士应重点关注健康状况不佳、社会经济背景较低以及对医疗体系信任度较低的慢性病患者。
建议临床护士不仅要更加关注慢性病患者的健康状况和社会人口学特征，还要通过提高临床实践中的服务水平和专业能力，在医患之间建立信任。
在确定研究问题、结局指标，或设计或实施研究方面，患者或公众未参与。然而，所有参与者都被邀请完成数字知情同意书和问卷。
