School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
Hospital Office, Chengdu Elderly Care Hospital, Chengdu, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 Jan 16;11:1323335. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1323335. eCollection 2023.
Health literacy is linked to the health status of older adults and is a critical component in achieving active aging. This study to characterize the current health literacy status among older adults in combined medical and nursing care institutions, as well as the factors that influenced this status.
This cross-sectional study used a convenience sampling method to select 740 older adults who were in 16 combined medical and nursing care institutions in Chengdu, China, from July 2022 to June 2023, using the Health Literacy Management Scale, the Social Support Rating Scale, and the Short Form-36 Health Survey.
The results showed a health literacy score of 75.25 ± 12.33, the percentage of older adults with basic health literacy was 6.33%, a social support score of 37.37 ± 6.10, and a health-related quality of life score of 55.34 ± 15.48. Factors influencing health literacy included age, educational level, previous occupation, family size, monthly per capita household income, and health-related quality of life.
Health literacy is an essential factor in improving the health status of older adults. Relevant departments should therefore improve health education and health promotion interventions for older adults in combined medical and nursing care institutions to improve health literacy.
健康素养与老年人的健康状况有关，是实现积极老龄化的关键组成部分。本研究旨在描述综合医疗和护理机构中老年人的当前健康素养状况，以及影响这一状况的因素。
本横断面研究采用便利抽样法，于 2022 年 7 月至 2023 年 6 月，选取中国成都 16 家综合医疗和护理机构的 740 名老年人，使用健康素养管理量表、社会支持评定量表和简明健康状况量表-36 进行调查。
结果显示，老年人健康素养得分为 75.25±12.33，基本健康素养的比例为 6.33%，社会支持评分为 37.37±6.10，健康相关生活质量得分为 55.34±15.48。影响健康素养的因素包括年龄、受教育程度、既往职业、家庭规模、月人均家庭收入和健康相关生活质量。
健康素养是改善老年人健康状况的重要因素。因此，相关部门应针对综合医疗和护理机构中的老年人开展健康教育和健康促进干预，以提高健康素养。
