Pollack Austin M, Hamilton Landon D, Jenkins NaNet A, Lueders Paige C, Luckasen Gary J
UCHealth Research Northern Colorado, Loveland CO, USA.
Am J Prev Cardiol. 2024 Jan 5;17:100629. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2023.100629. eCollection 2024 Mar.
Elevated blood pressure during childhood can lead to hypertension in adulthood and is associated with an increased risk of future cardiovascular disease with early identification as the best option for prevention. This study examines the prevalence of hypertension in Hispanic and White youths and reports the ability of a school-based program to identify hypertension in school-aged children. Approximately 3.5 % of students had hypertension while 7.5 % of students had elevated blood pressure. Elevated body mass index (BMI) was the most common predictor of hypertension in all three grade levels (elementary: 5th grade, middle: 7th grade, and high school: 10th grade). In the elementary school age group, the significant predictors of hypertension were an elevated BMI, sex, and height. In the middle school age group, the factors that were significant predictors of hypertension included ethnicity, an elevated BMI, and height. In high school age students, the only significant predictor of hypertension was elevated BMI; ethnicity alone was not a significant predictor. The only group that ethnicity was a significant predictor of hypertension was the middle school age. Given that at all three grade levels, the Hispanic students had a higher percentage with elevated BMIs compared to White students, they should be considered at higher risk of hypertension.
儿童期血压升高可导致成年期高血压，并与未来心血管疾病风险增加相关，早期识别是预防的最佳选择。本研究调查了西班牙裔和白人青少年高血压的患病率，并报告了一项基于学校的项目识别学龄儿童高血压的能力。约3.5%的学生患有高血压，7.5%的学生血压升高。体重指数（BMI）升高是所有三个年级（小学：五年级、初中：七年级、高中：十年级）高血压最常见的预测因素。在小学年龄组中，高血压的显著预测因素是BMI升高、性别和身高。在初中年龄组中，高血压的显著预测因素包括种族、BMI升高和身高。在高中年龄学生中，高血压的唯一显著预测因素是BMI升高；仅种族不是显著预测因素。种族是高血压显著预测因素的唯一群体是初中年龄组。鉴于在所有三个年级，西班牙裔学生BMI升高的百分比高于白人学生，应认为他们患高血压的风险更高。
