Mastrantonakis Konstantinos, Karvountzis Athanasios, Yiannakopoulos Christos K, Kalinterakis Georgios
Department of Orthopedic, General Hospital of Rethymnon, Rethymnon 73100, Crete, Greece.
1 Orthopedic Department, Naval Hospital of Athens, Athens 11521, Greece.
World J Orthop. 2024 Jan 18;15(1):11-21. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v15.i1.11.
Acute traumatic injuries to the glenohumeral articulation are common. The types of injuries depend on age, muscle strength, bone density, and biomechanics of the traumatic event. Understanding the different mechanisms of trauma and how they affect the functional anatomical structures of the shoulder joint is crucial for the treatment of these lesions. Therefore, when clinicians have knowledge of these mechanisms they can accurately diagnose and treat shoulder pathology and predict distinct injury patterns. Here, we have described the fundamentals of the mechanisms of injury of the glenohumeral dislocation, dislocation with fracture of the humeral head, and the proximal humerus fracture. We have focused on common injury mechanisms and the correlation with radiological diagnostics. Radiological and laboratory findings of distinct types of injury were also discussed.
盂肱关节的急性创伤性损伤很常见。损伤类型取决于年龄、肌肉力量、骨密度以及创伤事件的生物力学。了解不同的创伤机制以及它们如何影响肩关节的功能解剖结构对于这些损伤的治疗至关重要。因此，当临床医生了解这些机制时，他们可以准确诊断和治疗肩部病变，并预测不同的损伤模式。在此，我们描述了盂肱关节脱位、肱骨头骨折脱位以及肱骨近端骨折的损伤机制基础。我们重点关注了常见的损伤机制及其与放射学诊断的相关性。还讨论了不同类型损伤的放射学和实验室检查结果。
