Li Fang, Rasmy Laila, Xiang Yang, Feng Jingna, Abdelhameed Ahmed, Hu Xinyue, Sun Zenan, Aguilar David, Dhoble Abhijeet, Du Jingcheng, Wang Qing, Niu Shuteng, Dang Yifang, Zhang Xinyuan, Xie Ziqian, Nian Yi, He JianPing, Zhou Yujia, Li Jianfu, Prosperi Mattia, Bian Jiang, Zhi Degui, Tao Cui
McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX USA.
Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics Mayo Clinic Jacksonville FL USA.
J Am Heart Assoc. 2024 Feb 6;13(3):e029900. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.123.029900. Epub 2024 Jan 31.
BACKGROUND: The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) in conjunction with recent updates in dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) management guidelines emphasizes the necessity for innovative models to predict ischemic or bleeding events after drug-eluting stent implantation. Leveraging AI for dynamic prediction has the potential to revolutionize risk stratification and provide personalized decision support for DAPT management. METHODS AND RESULTS: We developed and validated a new AI-based pipeline using retrospective data of drug-eluting stent-treated patients, sourced from the Cerner Health Facts data set (n=98 236) and Optum's de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database (n=9978). The 36 months following drug-eluting stent implantation were designated as our primary forecasting interval, further segmented into 6 sequential prediction windows. We evaluated 5 distinct AI algorithms for their precision in predicting ischemic and bleeding risks. Model discriminative accuracy was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, among other metrics. The weighted light gradient boosting machine stood out as the preeminent model, thus earning its place as our AI-DAPT model. The AI-DAPT demonstrated peak accuracy in the 30 to 36 months window, charting an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 90% [95% CI, 88%-92%] for ischemia and 84% [95% CI, 82%-87%] for bleeding predictions. CONCLUSIONS: Our AI-DAPT excels in formulating iterative, refined dynamic predictions by assimilating ongoing updates from patients' clinical profiles, holding value as a novel smart clinical tool to facilitate optimal DAPT duration management with high accuracy and adaptability.
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