Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey; Department of Civil Engineering, National University of Science and Technology, Balochistan, Campus, Quetta, Pakistan E-mail:
Department of Environmental Engineering, Quaid E Awam University of Engineering Science and Technology, Nawabshah, Pakistan.
J Water Health. 2024 Jan;22(1):123-137. doi: 10.2166/wh.2023.116.
The rapid increases in industrialization and populations are significant sources of water contamination. The speed with which contamination of groundwater and surface water occurs is becoming a serious problem and poses a significant obstacle for water stakeholders. Heavy metals, organic, and inorganic contaminants in the form of suspended and dissolved materials are just a few of the contaminants that can be found in drinking water. One of the most common contaminants in the water is fluoride, which is responsible for numerous toxic diseases. Different traditional techniques, for example, coagulation, ion exchange, absorption, and membrane filtration are being used to dispose of fluoride from water. However, nanomaterials such as magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) are very efficient, reliable, cost-effective, and stable materials to replace traditional water treatment techniques. There has been an increase in interest in the application of nanomaterials to the purification of drinking water over the past few decades. The use of magnetic NPs, such as metal and metal oxide NPs, to remove fluoride ions and organic matter from water is highlighted in this review article. Also, this section also discusses the properties, benefits and drawbacks, and difficulties of utilizing magnetic NPs in the process of purifying drinking water.
工业化和人口的快速增长是水污染的重要来源。地下水和地表水受到污染的速度之快正在成为一个严重的问题，给水资源利益相关者带来了重大障碍。饮用水中可能含有重金属、有机和无机污染物，这些污染物以悬浮和溶解物质的形式存在。水中最常见的污染物之一是氟化物，它会导致许多有毒疾病。目前，已有许多传统技术（如混凝、离子交换、吸附和膜过滤）被用于去除水中的氟化物。然而，纳米材料（如磁性纳米颗粒）作为一种高效、可靠、经济且稳定的材料，正在取代传统的水处理技术。在过去几十年中，人们对纳米材料在饮用水净化方面的应用越来越感兴趣。本文重点介绍了金属和金属氧化物纳米颗粒等磁性纳米颗粒在去除水中氟离子和有机物方面的应用。此外，本文还讨论了利用磁性纳米颗粒净化饮用水的过程中，其性质、优缺点和困难。
