National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization (Henan University), State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Trends Genet. 2024 Mar;40(3):260-275. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2023.12.009. Epub 2024 Jan 30.
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and proteins with intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) possess low sequence complexity of amino acids and display non-globular tertiary structures. They can act as scaffolds, form regulatory hubs, or trigger biomolecular condensation to control diverse aspects of biology. Emerging evidence has recently implicated critical roles of IDPs and IDR-contained proteins in nuclear transcription and cytoplasmic post-transcriptional processes, among other molecular functions. We here summarize the concepts and organizing principles of IDPs. We then illustrate recent progress in understanding the roles of key IDPs in machineries that regulate transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in plants, aiming at highlighting new modes of action of IDPs in controlling biological processes.
无规则蛋白（IDPs）和含有无规则区域的蛋白（IDRs）具有低氨基酸序列复杂度，并呈现非球状的三级结构。它们可以作为支架，形成调控枢纽，或者触发生物分子凝聚，从而控制生物学的多个方面。最近的新证据表明，IDPs 和含有 IDR 的蛋白在核转录和细胞质转录后过程等分子功能中起着关键作用。我们在这里总结了 IDPs 的概念和组织原则。然后，我们举例说明了理解关键 IDPs 在调控植物转录和转录后基因沉默（PTGS）机制中的作用的最新进展，旨在强调 IDPs 控制生物过程的新作用模式。
