McCauley E, Kay T, Ito J, Treder R
Child Dev. 1987 Apr;58(2):464-73.
Individuals with sex chromosomal anomalies are known to be at increased risk for learning problems and in some cases social or behavioral problems. Girls with an absent or structurally abnormal second sex chromosome (the Turner syndrome) have been found to have cognitive problem solving deficits and immature, inadequate social relationships. The present study attempted to link cognitive and social problems by assessing the girls' ability to process affective cues. 17 girls with karyotypes consistent with a diagnosis of Turner syndrome were compared to a group of 16 short-stature girls of comparable age, verbal intelligence scores, height, and family socioeconomic status on the Affective Discrimination Task, which required interpretation of affective intention from facial expression. The results revealed that the Turner syndrome girls were less accurate at inferring facial affect than the short-stature controls. Analyses revealed that the Turner syndrome girls performed more poorly on spatial, attentional, and short-term memory cognitive tasks and had more psychosocial problems than the short-stature controls. Ability to discriminate facial affect may be another area of cognitive weakness for girls with the Turner syndrome and may underlie the psychosocial problems found in this sample.
已知性染色体异常的个体出现学习问题的风险增加，在某些情况下还会出现社交或行为问题。已发现缺少第二条性染色体或第二条性染色体结构异常（特纳综合征）的女孩存在认知问题解决缺陷以及不成熟、不充分的社会关系。本研究试图通过评估女孩处理情感线索的能力来将认知问题和社会问题联系起来。将17名核型与特纳综合征诊断相符的女孩与一组年龄、语言智力得分、身高和家庭社会经济地位相当的16名身材矮小的女孩进行了情感辨别任务比较，该任务要求从面部表情解读情感意图。结果显示，与身材矮小的对照组相比，特纳综合征女孩在推断面部情感方面准确性较低。分析表明，特纳综合征女孩在空间、注意力和短期记忆认知任务上表现更差，且比身材矮小的对照组有更多心理社会问题。辨别面部情感的能力可能是特纳综合征女孩认知弱点的另一个方面，并且可能是该样本中发现的心理社会问题的潜在原因。
