Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, Beijing, China.
Water Environ Res. 2024 Feb;96(2):e10986. doi: 10.1002/wer.10986.
The process of mining activities often causes the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD). Through rock fractures and underground rivers, AMD can easily enter the groundwater environment near mines and cause serious pollution to water quality. In order to effectively evaluate the quality of polluted mine water and to understand its threat to the ecosystem around the mine. In this study, four AMD pollution distribution areas, Guiyang City, Bijie City, Qianxinan Prefecture, and Qiandongnan Prefecture in Guizhou Province, were used as the study area. A composite model for mine water quality evaluation was constructed using factor analysis (FA), analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE). Furthermore, by introducing the weighted average method and the level characteristic value (J), the water quality type and the water body environmental quality were evaluated comprehensively, respectively. Compared with the traditional evaluation model, the AHP-FA-FCE model has obvious advantages in the selection of evaluation indicators, the determination of indicator weights, and the comprehensive evaluation of water quality types, and the evaluation results obtained are more reasonable and accurate. Three common factors mainly controlled by mineral oxidation factor, human activity factor, and mineral dissolution factor were extracted by dimension reduction of the original hydrochemical data by FA. The water quality of the mine water samples was evaluated using SO , Fe, Al, Mn, Na, and F as evaluation indicators, and the results showed that the mine water samples in the study area as a whole were dominated by class V water, which accounted for 77.78% of the total. Based on the statistical analysis of the original data, it was found that influenced by the water-rock interactions in the study area and the AMD pollution components, the hydrochemical type of the mine water is mainly SO -Ca-Mg type. The water body environmental quality of mine water in four areas, Guiyang City, Qianxinan Prefecture, Bijie City, and Qiandongnan Prefecture, is from excellent to poor. The average level characteristic value of all the areas is more than 3, and the overall environmental quality of the water body is poor. The strong water-rock interaction and mining activities in the study area may be the main cause of AMD pollution. The results of this study may provide some theoretical reference for the water quality evaluation of AMD-polluted areas. PRACTITIONER POINTS: A composite model for mine water quality evaluation was constructed. A factor analysis-based evaluation indicator selection method is proposed. This study improved the weighting process of the traditional fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. A water quality discriminant based on the weighted average method is proposed. The water environmental quality of various types of mine water was evaluated.
采矿活动过程通常会导致形成酸性矿山排水（AMD）。AMD 可通过岩石裂缝和地下河流轻易进入矿区附近的地下水环境，对水质造成严重污染。为了有效评估污染矿井水的质量，并了解其对矿区周围生态系统的威胁，本研究以贵州省贵阳市、毕节市、黔西南州和黔南州四个 AMD 污染分布区为研究区。采用因子分析（FA）、层次分析法（AHP）和模糊综合评价（FCE）构建了一种矿井水质综合评价的复合模型。此外，通过引入加权平均法和水平特征值（J），分别对水质类型和水体环境质量进行了综合评价。与传统评价模型相比，AHP-FA-FCE 模型在评价指标的选择、指标权重的确定以及水质类型的综合评价方面具有明显的优势，评价结果更加合理准确。通过 FA 对原始水化学数据进行降维，提取了由矿物氧化因子、人类活动因子和矿物溶解因子共同控制的三个主要因素。选用 SO 、Fe、Al、Mn、Na 和 F 作为评价指标，对研究区的矿井水样进行水质评价，结果表明，研究区的矿井水样总体上以 V 类水为主，占总数的 77.78%。基于原始数据的统计分析，发现受研究区水岩相互作用和 AMD 污染成分的影响，矿井水的水化学类型主要为 SO -Ca-Mg 型。贵阳市、黔西南州、毕节市和黔南州四个地区的矿井水水体环境质量从优到劣。所有地区的平均水平特征值均大于 3，水体环境质量整体较差。研究区强烈的水岩相互作用和采矿活动可能是 AMD 污染的主要原因。本研究结果可为 AMD 污染区的水质评价提供一定的理论参考。
Zotero 插件