Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, PR China.
Environ Res. 2022 Mar;204(Pt A):111956. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111956. Epub 2021 Aug 27.
Water quality evaluation and health risk assessment are not only the basis of environmental protection work, but also of great significance to water environment supervision and management. In this paper, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation for water quality was improved by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Entropy, and a health risk assessment model based on triangular fuzzy theory was developed. The evaluation results show 5 water categories: Class-1 (n = 1, 2%), Class-2 (n = 14, 32%), Class-3 (n = 15, 34%), Class-4 (n = 8, 18%) and Class-5 (n = 6, 14%), manifesting about 67% of the phreatic water can be used for drinking purposes in the research area. The Chadha diagram provides hydrochemical facies of the phreatic water are mainly NaCl type (n = 16, 36%) and Ca-Mg-Na type (n = 15, 34%). Fluorine as non-carcinogenic factor in health risk assessment, showing moderate correlation with SO (r = 0.54) and low correlation with Na+ (r = 0.38) in Pearson correlation analysis. The order of non-carcinogenic risk per year is as follow: Class-2, Class-3, All, Class-4 and Class-5 with the mean of 0.29, 0.51, 0.67, 0.86 and 1.55 × 10 for adults, 0.54, 0.95, 1.27, 1.58 and 2.89 × 10 for children. Compare with adults, children undertake higher health risk, in research area. Particularly, the region accepting Class-5 water supplement encounter high non-carcinogenic risk, where risk level is 2.24 and 2.28 times to the average risk level for adults and children, respectively. This paper provides insights into solving uncertainties in groundwater management and environmental protection, as well as into fuzzy logic techniques addressing pollution.
水质评价和健康风险评估不仅是环境保护工作的基础，而且对水环境监督管理具有重要意义。本文采用层次分析法（AHP）和熵对水质模糊综合评价进行了改进，并建立了基于三角模糊理论的健康风险评估模型。评价结果显示，研究区有 5 种水质类型：I 类（n=1，2%）、II 类（n=14，32%）、III 类（n=15，34%）、IV 类（n=8，18%）和 V 类（n=6，14%），表明研究区约 67%的潜水可用于饮用水。Chadha 图提供的潜水水化学相主要为 NaCl 型（n=16，36%）和 Ca-Mg-Na 型（n=15，34%）。氟作为健康风险评估中的非致癌因子，在 Pearson 相关分析中与 SO（r=0.54）呈中度相关，与 Na+（r=0.38）呈低度相关。每年非致癌风险的顺序为：II 类、III 类、全部、IV 类和 V 类，成年人的平均值分别为 0.29、0.51、0.67、0.86 和 1.55×10，儿童的平均值分别为 0.54、0.95、1.27、1.58 和 2.89×10。与成年人相比，研究区儿童面临更高的健康风险。特别是接受 V 类水补给的区域面临较高的非致癌风险，其风险水平分别为成年人和儿童平均风险水平的 2.24 和 2.28 倍。本文为解决地下水管理和环境保护中的不确定性以及模糊逻辑技术在污染方面的应用提供了思路。
