Eskandari Nasir, De Carlo Eugenio, Zorzi Federico, Dall'Acqua Stefano, Furlan Claudio, Artioli Gilberto, Vidale Massimo
Faculty of Archaeology, University of Tehran, Enqelab-e Eslami Avenue, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
University Hospital Padua, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2024 Feb 1;14(1):2670. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-52490-w.
A small chlorite vial, discovered among numerous artifacts looted and recovered in the Jiroft region of Kerman province, southeastern Iran, contains a deep red cosmetic preparation that is likely a lip-coloring paint or paste. Through analytical research involving XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM-EDS (scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive spectroscopy), and HPLC-MS (high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry) analyses, the mineral components of the reddish substance were identified as hematite, darkened with manganite and braunite, and traces of galena and anglesite, mixed with vegetal waxes and other organic substances. The mixture, thus observed, bears a striking resemblance to the recipes of contemporary lipsticks. We also report the first radiocarbon date ever obtained from a Bronze age cosmetic in the ancient Near East: results place the pigment in the early 2nd millennium BCE, a date compatible with several mentions of the powerful eastern-iranian civilization of Marḫaši in coeval cuneiform texts of Mesopotamia, as well as with its currently emerging archaeological picture.
在伊朗东南部克尔曼省吉罗夫特地区掠夺并找回的众多文物中发现的一个小亚氯酸盐瓶，装有深红色化妆品制剂，可能是一种唇部着色颜料或膏体。通过涉及XRD（X射线衍射）、SEM-EDS（扫描电子显微镜-能量色散光谱）和HPLC-MS（高效液相色谱-质谱）分析的研究，确定了红色物质的矿物成分是赤铁矿，因锰矿和褐锰矿而变黑，还有微量方铅矿和铅矾，与植物蜡和其他有机物质混合。如此观察到的这种混合物与当代口红配方惊人地相似。我们还报告了从古近东青铜器时代化妆品中获得的首个放射性碳年代测定结果：结果将该颜料定位于公元前2千纪早期，这一日期与美索不达米亚同时期楔形文字文本中多次提及的强大的伊朗东部马尔哈希文明相符，也与目前正在浮现的考古图景相符。
