影响居住在无家可归者危机支持中心的无家可归者生活质量的因素。初步研究。
Factors determining the quality of life of homeless people staying in support centers for people in the crisis of homelessness. Pilot study.
机构信息
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2024 Feb 1;24(1):347. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-17839-w.
BACKGROUND
The aim of the study was to discuss the issues of the homelessness crisis and to present the assessment of the quality of life of people experiencing a homelessness crisis, taking into account various aspects of life and everyday functioning.
METHODS
This was a pilot cross- sectional study carried out using an anonymous survey. The author's questionnaire, the WHOQOL-Bref scale and the Beck depression scale were used. From among the support centers for people in the homelessness crisis operating in the city of Poznań, the 2 largest centers were selected. The obtained results were based on the statistical analysis of the collected data.
RESULTS
The study group consisted only of people in the crisis of homelessness staying at the support centers at the time of the study. The analysis included data from 114 people, including 28 (24.6%) women. The youngest participant was 21 and the oldest 76 years old. The average period of homelessness was 86 months. 55.3% of respondents showed symptoms of depression. The main cause of homelessness was their family situation (59.6%), financial problems (36.0%) and the need to leave the apartment (13.2%). Abuse of alcohol before the homelessness crisis was reported by 96 (84.2%) respondents. The WHOQOL- Bref questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life. The psychological domain was rated the highest (62.09 ± 16.94 points, the lowest somatic domain (53.25 ± 18.71 points). The quality of life of homeless people was positively related to their economic situation, depression and health status. It was shown that sex, age and education had no influence (p > 0.05) on the assessment of the quality of life of people experiencing the crisis of homelessness.
CONCLUSIONS
The economic situation is the main factor affecting the quality of life within the psychological and social domain. Health status is the main factor affecting the quality of life within the somatic and environmental domain. The biggest dream of the respondents was to have a flat and improve their financial situation.
背景
本研究旨在探讨无家可归危机问题，并评估经历无家可归危机的人们的生活质量，考虑到生活和日常功能的各个方面。
方法
这是一项使用匿名调查进行的试点横断面研究。作者使用了自己的问卷、WHOQOL-Bref 量表和贝克抑郁量表。在波兹南市运营的无家可归者支持中心中，选择了两个最大的中心。基于对收集数据的统计分析，得出了研究结果。
结果
研究组仅由研究时在支持中心的无家可归危机人员组成。分析包括来自 114 人的数据，其中 28 人（24.6%）为女性。最年轻的参与者为 21 岁，最年长的为 76 岁。无家可归的平均时间为 86 个月。55.3%的受访者表现出抑郁症状。无家可归的主要原因是他们的家庭状况（59.6%）、财务问题（36.0%）和离开公寓的需要（13.2%）。96 名（84.2%）受访者报告在无家可归危机前滥用酒精。使用 WHOQOL-Bref 问卷评估生活质量。心理领域的评分最高（62.09±16.94 分，最低为躯体领域（53.25±18.71 分）。无家可归者的生活质量与其经济状况、抑郁和健康状况呈正相关。研究表明，性别、年龄和教育对无家可归者经历危机时生活质量的评估没有影响（p>0.05）。
结论
经济状况是影响心理和社会领域生活质量的主要因素。健康状况是影响躯体和环境领域生活质量的主要因素。受访者最大的梦想是拥有一套公寓并改善他们的财务状况。
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