Melick M E, Logue J N
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 1985;21(1):27-38. doi: 10.2190/qud0-yc8b-pgn8-ry6p.
Relatively little attention has been paid to the post-disaster health status and well-being of older persons. The data discussed in this article were gathered through use of a retrospective cohort survey five years following a major flood in the Wyoming Valley of Pennsylvania. The subsample of women sixty-five years and older used in this analysis is composed of 122 female victims and forty-five controls from the same communities. The instruments used to measure mental status included Langner's 22-Item Scale, Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale, and a modified Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SCL-90). Additional items related to self-perceptions of health status, to influence of the flood on health and well-being, and to other issues. Significant differences occurred in self-perceptions, including state of mind after the flood (p less than .001), distress during recovery (p less than .001), quality of life after the flood (p less than .001), and frequency of thinking about the flood matters (p less than .025). Use of the instruments designed to assess mental status did not indicate greater levels of anxiety or depression in elderly victims as compared to non-victims.
相对而言，很少有人关注老年人灾后的健康状况和幸福程度。本文所讨论的数据是通过对宾夕法尼亚州怀俄明山谷一场大洪水发生五年后的回顾性队列调查收集而来的。本分析中使用的65岁及以上女性子样本由122名女性受害者和来自相同社区的45名对照组成。用于测量心理状态的工具包括朗纳22项量表、zung氏自评抑郁量表以及修订后的症状自评量表（SCL - 90）。还有与健康状况自我认知、洪水对健康和幸福的影响以及其他问题相关的附加项目。在自我认知方面出现了显著差异，包括洪水后的心境（p小于0.001）、恢复期间的痛苦（p小于0.001）、洪水后的生活质量（p小于0.001）以及思考洪水相关问题的频率（p小于0.025）。与非受害者相比，用于评估心理状态的工具并未表明老年受害者存在更高水平的焦虑或抑郁。
