Guinee Emily P, Raza Haniya, Ballard Elizabeth D, Shaw Jacob S, Liang C Jason, Sneller Michael C, Chung Joyce Y
National Institute of Mental Health, Office of the Clinical Director, 10 Center Drive, NIH Building 10, Room 6-5340, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
National Institute of Mental Health, Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch, NIH Building 10, Room 7-5341, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892.
medRxiv. 2024 Jan 22:2024.01.21.24301574. doi: 10.1101/2024.01.21.24301574.
Trauma and stressor-related symptoms have been frequently reported during the COVID-19 pandemic. Few studies compare post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) between patients and non-infected controls. Using data from an ongoing natural history study of COVID-19, this study compared PTSS between patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the first year of the pandemic and controls. Within the COVID-19 patient cohort, we also compared PTSS between patients with and without post-COVID conditions, also known as post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). This study also examined the association of PTSS with trait resilience and prior trauma exposure. PTSS were assessed using the Impact of Event Scaled-Revised (IES-R), which has a validated probable PTSD cutoff (score ≥33). The results showed that patients (n=131) reported significantly higher IES-R scores than controls (n=82) and had significantly higher odds of having scores indicative of PTSD [AOR: 4.17 0.029]. IES-R scores among PASC patients (n=68) were significantly elevated compared to patients without PASC (n=63) and PASC patients did not have higher odds for probable PTSD [AOR: 2.60; 0.14]. Trait resilience was associated with lower PTSS. These findings help characterize the mental health impact of the COVID-19 illness experience and highlight elevated PTSS in patients with persistent post-COVID conditions.
在新冠疫情期间，创伤及应激源相关症状屡有报道。很少有研究比较患者与未感染对照组之间的创伤后应激症状（PTSS）。本研究利用一项正在进行的新冠自然史研究的数据，比较了疫情第一年感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的患者与对照组之间的PTSS。在新冠患者队列中，我们还比较了有新冠后状况（也称为SARS-CoV-2感染后急性后遗症，PASC）和无此状况的患者之间的PTSS。本研究还考察了PTSS与特质复原力及既往创伤暴露之间的关联。PTSS采用事件影响量表修订版（IES-R）进行评估，该量表有一个经过验证的可能创伤后应激障碍临界值（得分≥33）。结果显示，患者（n = 131）报告的IES-R得分显著高于对照组（n = 82），且具有表明创伤后应激障碍得分的几率显著更高[AOR：4.17；95%置信区间（CI）：2.60 - 6.65；P < 0.001]。与无PASC的患者（n = 63）相比，PASC患者（n = 68）的IES-R得分显著升高，但PASC患者出现可能创伤后应激障碍的几率并未更高[AOR：2.60；95%CI：0.95 - 7.05；P = 0.06]。特质复原力与较低的PTSS相关。这些发现有助于描述新冠疾病经历对心理健康的影响，并突出了持续存在新冠后状况患者中PTSS的升高。
