Moore Katherine G, Rice Justess D, Gampher John E, Boggiano Mary M
Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
Front Psychol. 2024 Jan 19;14:1308609. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1308609. eCollection 2023.
Habitual consumption of highly palatable foods when not in metabolic need (HPF eating) is linked to obesity. High HPF consumption is also linked to mental health disorder (MHD) symptoms. Mindfulness-based interventions are popular treatments for obesity and MHDs, but little is known about the relationship between trait mindfulness and motive-based HPF eating. Therefore, a total of 927 young adults completed a survey that included the Palatable Eating Motives Scale-7 (which identifies Coping-, Reward enhancement-, Social-, and Conformity-eating), the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, and demographic and body mass index (BMI) questions. An MHD questionnaire allowed a comparison of HPF eating between participants with and without various MHDs. Regressions revealed that Coping-eating was independently associated with lower mindfulness and also greater perceived stress, higher BMI, and female sex. Of these variables, only lower mindfulness was independently associated with Reward-, Social-, and Conformity-eating. Coping- and Reward-eating were more frequent in participants with versus without an anxiety disorder, depression, ADD/ADHD, and PTSD. Coping-eating was also more frequent in participants with body dysmorphic disorder. These findings warrant investigations in participants with clinically validated diagnoses for DSM-specific MHDs. Results from such investigations and the uncovered nature of associations between motive-specific HPF eating and trait mindfulness could provide novel targets to improve mindfulness-based interventions for obesity and MHDs.
在没有代谢需求时习惯性食用高适口性食物（高适口性食物进食）与肥胖有关。高适口性食物的大量摄入也与心理健康障碍（MHD）症状有关。基于正念的干预措施是治疗肥胖和MHD的常用方法，但关于特质正念与基于动机的高适口性食物进食之间的关系却知之甚少。因此，共有927名年轻人完成了一项调查，该调查包括适口性进食动机量表-7（用于识别应对性进食、奖励增强性进食、社交性进食和从众性进食）、正念注意力觉知量表、感知压力量表以及人口统计学和体重指数（BMI）问题。一份MHD问卷允许对患有和未患有各种MHD的参与者的高适口性食物进食情况进行比较。回归分析显示，应对性进食与较低的正念水平独立相关，同时也与更高的感知压力、更高的BMI以及女性性别相关。在这些变量中，只有较低的正念水平与奖励性进食、社交性进食和从众性进食独立相关。与未患焦虑症、抑郁症、注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADD/ADHD）和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的参与者相比，患有这些疾病的参与者中应对性进食和奖励性进食更为频繁。患有身体变形障碍的参与者中应对性进食也更为频繁。这些发现值得在具有DSM特定MHD临床验证诊断的参与者中进行调查。此类调查的结果以及特定动机的高适口性食物进食与特质正念之间关联的发现性质，可为改进针对肥胖和MHD的基于正念的干预措施提供新的靶点。
