Neuroscience Institute, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2024 Jul 1;16(7):a041356. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041356.
In addition to their many functions in the healthy central nervous system (CNS), astrocytes respond to CNS damage and disease through a process called "reactivity." Recent evidence reveals that astrocyte reactivity is a heterogeneous spectrum of potential changes that occur in a context-specific manner. These changes are determined by diverse signaling events and vary not only with the nature and severity of different CNS insults but also with location in the CNS, genetic predispositions, age, and potentially also with "molecular memory" of previous reactivity events. Astrocyte reactivity can be associated with both essential beneficial functions as well as with harmful effects. The available information is rapidly expanding and much has been learned about molecular diversity of astrocyte reactivity. Emerging functional associations point toward central roles for astrocyte reactivity in determining the outcome in CNS disorders.
除了在健康的中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中具有多种功能外，星形胶质细胞还通过一种称为“反应性”的过程对 CNS 损伤和疾病做出反应。最近的证据表明，星形胶质细胞反应性是一种潜在变化的异质谱，以特定于上下文的方式发生。这些变化是由不同的信号事件决定的，不仅因不同的 CNS 损伤的性质和严重程度而异，而且因 CNS 中的位置、遗传易感性、年龄以及以前的反应性事件的“分子记忆”而有所不同。星形胶质细胞反应性可能与有益的基本功能以及有害影响有关。可用信息正在迅速扩展，并且已经了解了星形胶质细胞反应性的分子多样性。新兴的功能关联表明星形胶质细胞反应性在确定 CNS 疾病的结果方面起着核心作用。
