Li Yan, Li Yuqian, Wang Chongjian, Mao Zhenxing, Huo Wenqian, Xing Wenguo, Li Jia, Yang Tian Yu, Li Linlin
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
Endocrine. 2024 May;84(2):459-469. doi: 10.1007/s12020-023-03602-5. Epub 2024 Feb 7.
To investigate the association between low-carbohydrate diet scores (LCDs) and the risk of type 2 diabetes in rural China.
A total of 38,100 adults were included in the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Macronutrient intake was assessed via a validated food-frequency questionnaire to create low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) scores. Multivariate logistic regression models and subgroup analysis were performed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
After multivariable adjustment, participants with a high total low-carbohydrate diet score have a high risk of T2D (extreme-quartile OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.04-1.41; P = 0.007), whereas plant-based LCD score is not related to T2D risk. Among individuals with a BMI < 24 (extreme-quartile OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01-1.47; P < 0.001) or high levels of physical activity (extreme-quartile OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.17-1.72; P < 0.001), the animal-based LCD score is positively correlated with the risk of T2D.
Among Chinese rural populations, high-fat-low carbohydrate diet is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. High intake of animal protein and fat also increases T2D risk in those who are overweight or have high physical activity.
研究中国农村地区低碳水化合物饮食评分（LCD）与2型糖尿病风险之间的关联。
河南农村队列研究共纳入38100名成年人。通过经过验证的食物频率问卷评估宏量营养素摄入量，以创建低碳水化合物饮食（LCD）评分。进行多变量逻辑回归模型和亚组分析，以估计比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（95%CI）。
经过多变量调整后，总低碳水化合物饮食评分高的参与者患2型糖尿病的风险较高（四分位数最高组OR = 1.23，95%CI：1.04 - 1.41；P = 0.007），而植物性LCD评分与2型糖尿病风险无关。在体重指数（BMI）<24的个体（四分位数最高组OR = 1.22，95%CI：1.01 - 1.47；P < 0.001）或身体活动水平高的个体中（四分位数最高组OR = 1.42，95%CI：1.17 - 1.72；P < 0.001），动物性LCD评分与2型糖尿病风险呈正相关。
在中国农村人群中，高脂肪低碳水化合物饮食与2型糖尿病风险增加有关。高动物蛋白和脂肪摄入量也会增加超重或身体活动水平高的人群患2型糖尿病的风险。
