Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
J Diabetes Investig. 2021 Sep;12(9):1569-1576. doi: 10.1111/jdi.13522. Epub 2021 Mar 2.
AIMS/INTRODUCTION: Studies have found that a plant-based diet was associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, but evidence is scarce on such associations in China. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a plant-based diet is related to a lower risk of type 2 diabetes among Chinese adults.
A total of 37,985 participants were enrolled from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. An overall plant-based diet index (PDI) was created by assigning positive and reverse scores to 12 commonly consumed food groups. Multivariate logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline analysis were performed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
After multivariable adjustment, the risk of type 2 diabetes was inversely associated with the PDI (extreme-quartile OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79-0.98; P = 0.027), the risk associated with a 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in PDI was 4% lower (95% CI, 0.93-1.00; P = 0.043) for type 2 diabetes. Moreover, the odds of type 2 diabetes was decreased with an increment of PDI after fitting restricted cubic splines (P < 0.01).
Among Chinese populations, diets higher in plant foods and lower in animal foods were associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes.
目的/引言：研究发现，植物性饮食与 2 型糖尿病的风险降低有关，但在中国，关于这种关联的证据很少。本研究旨在调查植物性饮食是否与中国成年人 2 型糖尿病的风险降低有关。
共纳入 37985 名来自河南农村队列研究的参与者。通过给 12 种常见食用食物组分配正分和负分，创建了一个整体植物性饮食指数（PDI）。使用多变量逻辑回归模型和限制三次样条分析来估计比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）。
经过多变量调整后，2 型糖尿病的发病风险与 PDI 呈负相关（极端四分位 OR=0.88，95%CI：0.79-0.98；P=0.027），PDI 每增加 1 个标准差（SD），2 型糖尿病的风险降低 4%（95%CI，0.93-1.00；P=0.043）。此外，在拟合限制三次样条后，PDI 的增加与 2 型糖尿病的几率降低相关（P<0.01）。
在中国人群中，植物性食物摄入较高、动物性食物摄入较低的饮食与 2 型糖尿病风险降低有关。
