Muharram Farizal Rizky, Multazam Chaq El Chaq Zamzam, Mustofa Ali, Socha Wigaviola, Martini Santi, Aminde Leopold, Yi-Li Chung
Global Health and Social Medicine Department, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Cardiology and Respiratory Department, Imperial College London, London, UK.
J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2024 Mar;14(1):193-212. doi: 10.1007/s44197-024-00187-8. Epub 2024 Feb 7.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Compared with disease burden rates in 1990, significant reductions in Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) burden rates for CVD have been recorded. However, general DALYs rates have not changed in Indonesia in the past 30 years. Thus, assessing Indonesian CVD burdens will be an essential first step in determining primary disease interventions.
To determine the national and province-level burden of CVD from 1990 to 2019 in Indonesia.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A retrospective observational study was conducted using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019, provided by the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), to analyze trends in the burden of CVD, including mortality, morbidity, and prevalence characteristics of 12 underlying CVDs.
Residence in Indonesia.
Mortality, incidence, prevalence, death, and DALYs of CVD.
CVD deaths have doubled from 278 million in 1990 to 651 million in 2019. All CVDs recorded increased death rates, except for rheumatic heart disease (RHD) (- 69%) and congenital heart disease (CHD) (- 37%). Based on underlying diseases, stroke and ischemic heart disease (IHD) are still the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in Indonesia, whereas stroke and peripheral artery disease (PAD) are the most prevalent CVDs. Indonesia has the second worst CVD DALYs rates compared to ASEAN countries after Laos. At provincial levels, the highest CVD DALY rates were recorded in Bangka Belitung, South Kalimantan, and Yogyakarta. In terms of DALYs rate changes, they were recorded in West Nusa Tenggara (24%), South Kalimantan (18%), and Central Java (11%). Regarding sex, only RHD, and PAD burdens were dominated by females.
CVD mortality, morbidity, and prevalence rates increased in Indonesia from 1990 to 2019, especially for stroke and ischemic heart disease. The burden is exceptionally high, even when compared to other Southeast Asian countries and the global downward trend. GBD has many limitations. However, these data could provide policymakers with a broad view of CVD conditions in Indonesia.
心血管疾病（CVD）仍然是死亡率和发病率的主要原因。与1990年的疾病负担率相比，心血管疾病的伤残调整生命年（DALY）负担率已大幅下降。然而，在过去30年中，印度尼西亚的总体DALY率并未发生变化。因此，评估印度尼西亚的心血管疾病负担将是确定主要疾病干预措施的重要第一步。
确定1990年至2019年印度尼西亚全国和省级的心血管疾病负担。
设计、背景和参与者：一项回顾性观察研究，使用健康指标与评估研究所（IHME）提供的《2019年全球疾病负担》（GBD）数据，分析心血管疾病负担的趋势，包括12种潜在心血管疾病的死亡率、发病率和患病率特征。
居住在印度尼西亚。
心血管疾病的死亡率、发病率、患病率、死亡人数和伤残调整生命年。
心血管疾病死亡人数从1990年的2.78亿增加到2019年的6.51亿，翻了一番。除风湿性心脏病（RHD）（-69%）和先天性心脏病（CHD）（-37%）外，所有心血管疾病的死亡率均有所上升。基于潜在疾病，中风和缺血性心脏病（IHD）仍然是印度尼西亚死亡率和发病率的主要原因，而中风和外周动脉疾病（PAD）是最常见的心血管疾病。与东盟国家相比，印度尼西亚的心血管疾病伤残调整生命年率仅次于老挝，排名第二。在省级层面，邦加勿里洞、南加里曼丹和日惹的心血管疾病伤残调整生命年率最高。在伤残调整生命年率变化方面，西努沙登加拉（24%）、南加里曼丹（18%）和中爪哇（11%）有记录。在性别方面，只有风湿性心脏病和外周动脉疾病的负担以女性为主。
1990年至2019年，印度尼西亚的心血管疾病死亡率、发病率和患病率有所上升，尤其是中风和缺血性心脏病。即使与其他东南亚国家和全球下降趋势相比，负担也异常高。全球疾病负担研究有许多局限性。然而，这些数据可以为政策制定者提供印度尼西亚心血管疾病状况的广泛视角。
