Sousa-Pinto Bernardo, Valiulis Arunas, Melén Erik, Koppelman Gerard H, Papadopoulos Nikolaos G, Makela Mika, Haahtela Tari, Bonini Matteo, Braido Fulvio, Brussino Luisa, Cruz Alvaro A, Fiocchi Alessandro, Giovannini Mattia, Gemicioglu Bilun, Kulus Marek, Kuna Piotr, Kupczyk Maciej, Kvedariene Violeta, Larenas-Linnemann Désirée E, Louis Renaud, Morais-Almeida Mario, Niedoszytko Marek, Ollert Markus, Pfaar Oliver, Regateiro Frederico S, Roberts Graham, Samolinski Boleslaw, Savouré Marine, Taborda-Barata Luis, Toppila-Salmi Sanna, Ventura Maria Teresa, Vazquez-Ortiz Marta, Vieira Rafael José, Fonseca Joao A, Yorgancioglu Arzu, Zuberbier Torsten, Anto Josep M, Bousquet Jean, Pham-Thi Nhân
MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
CINTESIS@RISE - Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2024 Feb;35(2):e14080. doi: 10.1111/pai.14080.
In allergic rhinitis and asthma, adolescents and young adult patients are likely to differ from older patients. We compared adolescents, young adults and adults on symptoms, control levels, and medication adherence.
In a cross-sectional study (2015-2022), we assessed European users of the MASK-air mHealth app of three age groups: adolescents (13-18 years), young adults (18-26 years), and adults (>26 years). We compared them on their reported rhinitis and asthma symptoms, use and adherence to rhinitis and asthma treatment and app adherence. Allergy symptoms and control were assessed by means of visual analogue scales (VASs) on rhinitis or asthma, the combined symptom-medication score (CSMS), and the electronic daily control score for asthma (e-DASTHMA). We built multivariable regression models to compare symptoms or medication accounting for potential differences in demographic characteristics and baseline severity.
We assessed 965 adolescent users (15,252 days), 4595 young adults (58,161 days), and 15,154 adult users (258,796 days). Users of all three age groups displayed similar app adherence. In multivariable models, age groups were not found to significantly differ in their adherence to rhinitis or asthma medication. These models also found that adolescents reported lower VAS on global allergy, ocular, and asthma symptoms (as well as lower CSMS) than young adults and adults.
Adolescents reported a better rhinitis and asthma control than young adults and adults, even though similar medication adherence levels were observed across age groups. These results pave the way for future studies on understanding how adolescents control their allergic diseases.
在过敏性鼻炎和哮喘方面，青少年和青年成年患者可能与老年患者有所不同。我们比较了青少年、青年成年人和成年人在症状、控制水平及药物依从性方面的差异。
在一项横断面研究（2015 - 2022年）中，我们评估了欧洲三个年龄组的MASK - air移动健康应用程序用户：青少年（13 - 18岁）、青年成年人（18 - 26岁）和成年人（>26岁）。我们比较了他们报告的鼻炎和哮喘症状、鼻炎和哮喘治疗的使用及依从性以及应用程序依从性。通过关于鼻炎或哮喘的视觉模拟量表（VAS）、综合症状 - 药物评分（CSMS）和哮喘电子每日控制评分（e - DASTHMA）评估过敏症状和控制情况。我们构建多变量回归模型以比较症状或药物使用情况，并考虑人口统计学特征和基线严重程度的潜在差异。
我们评估了965名青少年用户（15252天）、4595名青年成年人用户（58161天）和15154名成年用户（258796天）。所有三个年龄组的用户显示出相似的应用程序依从性。在多变量模型中未发现年龄组在鼻炎或哮喘药物依从性方面存在显著差异。这些模型还发现，青少年在总体过敏、眼部和哮喘症状方面的VAS评分（以及CSMS评分）低于青年成年人和成年人。
尽管各年龄组的药物依从性水平相似，但青少年报告的鼻炎和哮喘控制情况优于青年成年人和成年人。这些结果为未来研究理解青少年如何控制其过敏性疾病铺平了道路。
