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由于咀嚼酸樱桃口香糖和牙刷的改变，未刺激和刺激唾液的成分变化。

Changes in the Composition of Unstimulated and Stimulated Saliva Due to Chewing Sour Cherry Gum and a Toothbrush Change.

机构信息

Department of Dentoalveolar Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.

Institute of Food Technology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.

出版信息

Cells. 2024 Jan 29;13(3):251. doi: 10.3390/cells13030251.

DOI:10.3390/cells13030251
PMID:38334643
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10854574/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Our previous studies demonstrated that sour cherry anthocyanins (AC) reduce the salivary count of and inhibit salivary amylase activity within 30 minutes after chewing AC gum. AC gum and changing toothbrushes after scaling reduced the Gram-negative species in the unstimulated salivary microbiota. The present study examined the effect of AC gums on salivary factors, including changes in microbiome.

METHODS

The study was conducted over three weeks with two groups; young adults (18-30) and adults (30-45). Ten participants changed their toothbrushes, while the other 10 participants did not change after the control period. After scaling, all participants received three doses of AC gum daily. The salivary mRNA and protein levels of cytokines, mucins, melatonin, and the microbiota of unstimulated and stimulated saliva were determined by polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

RESULTS

Significantly higher levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), mucin5B (MUC5B), mucin7 (MUC7), and melatonin were detected in stimulated saliva. Correlation analysis of these factors with the microbiota showed positive correlations with the genera , , _(TM7), , , and .

CONCLUSIONS

AC chewing gum has a beneficial effect on the composition of the oral microbiome, and toothbrush replacement leads to changes in the levels of salivary pro-inflammatory cytokines.

摘要

背景

我们之前的研究表明，酸樱桃花色苷（AC）可减少咀嚼 AC 胶姆糖 30 分钟内的口腔细菌计数，并抑制唾液淀粉酶活性。AC 胶姆糖和牙周洁治后更换牙刷可减少非刺激状态下唾液微生物群中革兰氏阴性菌的数量。本研究旨在探讨 AC 胶姆糖对唾液因子的影响，包括微生物组的变化。

方法

本研究共进行了三周，分为两组；年轻人（18-30 岁）和成年人（30-45 岁）。十名参与者在控制期后更换了牙刷，而另外十名参与者则没有更换。牙周洁治后，所有参与者每天接受三次 AC 胶姆糖治疗。通过聚合酶链反应、酶联免疫吸附试验和 16S rRNA 基因测序，测定未刺激和刺激唾液中的细胞因子、粘蛋白、褪黑素和微生物组的唾液 mRNA 和蛋白水平。

结果

刺激唾液中肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNFα）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、粘蛋白 5B（MUC5B）、粘蛋白 7（MUC7）和褪黑素的水平显著升高。这些因素与微生物组的相关性分析显示，与属 、 、_（TM7）、 、 、 和 呈正相关。

结论

AC 咀嚼胶姆糖对口腔微生物组的组成有有益的影响，而牙刷更换会导致唾液促炎细胞因子水平发生变化。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/02dd53a95f80/cells-13-00251-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/ad271453e328/cells-13-00251-g001.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/ce9947f96ff9/cells-13-00251-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/bcc985a72d76/cells-13-00251-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/d317f043f7b2/cells-13-00251-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/2042733808d3/cells-13-00251-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/cbe1a158e36c/cells-13-00251-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/6ddc6a62ceb6/cells-13-00251-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/02dd53a95f80/cells-13-00251-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/ad271453e328/cells-13-00251-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/580e40888086/cells-13-00251-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/70d27b9be767/cells-13-00251-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/c7a7fb7c8b1f/cells-13-00251-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/db9880730846/cells-13-00251-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/53c89ee83e1f/cells-13-00251-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/ce9947f96ff9/cells-13-00251-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/bcc985a72d76/cells-13-00251-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/d317f043f7b2/cells-13-00251-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/2042733808d3/cells-13-00251-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/cbe1a158e36c/cells-13-00251-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/6ddc6a62ceb6/cells-13-00251-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/77e2/10854574/02dd53a95f80/cells-13-00251-g013.jpg

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本文引用的文献

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Dent J (Basel). 2023 Feb 8;11(2):44. doi: 10.3390/dj11020044.
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Salivary Proteins as Dental Caries Biomarkers: A Systematic Review.唾液蛋白作为龋齿生物标志物的研究进展：系统评价。
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Effect of chewing gum containing Xylitol and blackberry powder on oral bacteria: A randomized controlled crossover trial.
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Polymicrobial Aggregates in Human Saliva Build the Oral Biofilm.口腔微生物聚集体在人唾液中构建口腔生物膜。
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