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基于重复序列的植物着丝粒的减数分裂重组动态揭示了交叉模式形成的主要驱动因素。

Meiotic recombination dynamics in plants with repeat-based holocentromeres shed light on the primary drivers of crossover patterning.

机构信息

Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany.

Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Centre of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.

出版信息

Nat Plants. 2024 Mar;10(3):423-438. doi: 10.1038/s41477-024-01625-y. Epub 2024 Feb 9.

DOI:10.1038/s41477-024-01625-y
PMID:38337039
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10954556/
Abstract

Centromeres strongly affect (epi)genomic architecture and meiotic recombination dynamics, influencing the overall distribution and frequency of crossovers. Here we show how recombination is regulated and distributed in the holocentric plant Rhynchospora breviuscula, a species with diffused centromeres. Combining immunocytochemistry, chromatin analysis and high-throughput single-pollen sequencing, we discovered that crossover frequency is distally biased, in sharp contrast to the diffused distribution of hundreds of centromeric units and (epi)genomic features. Remarkably, we found that crossovers were abolished inside centromeric units but not in their proximity, indicating the absence of a canonical centromere effect. We further propose that telomere-led synapsis of homologues is the feature that best explains the observed recombination landscape. Our results hint at the primary influence of mechanistic features of meiotic pairing and synapsis rather than (epi)genomic features and centromere organization in determining the distally biased crossover distribution in R. breviuscula, whereas centromeres and (epi)genetic properties only affect crossover positioning locally.

摘要

着丝粒强烈影响（表观）基因组结构和减数分裂重组动力学，影响着整体交叉的分布和频率。在这里，我们展示了重组是如何在具有弥散着丝粒的 holocentric 植物 Rhynchospora breviuscula 中被调控和分布的。我们结合免疫细胞化学、染色质分析和高通量单花粉测序，发现了交叉频率的远端偏倚，这与数百个着丝粒单位和（表观）基因组特征的弥散分布形成鲜明对比。值得注意的是，我们发现交叉在着丝粒单位内部被消除，但在其附近没有被消除，这表明不存在典型的着丝粒效应。我们进一步提出，端粒引导同源物的联会是最好地解释所观察到的重组景观的特征。我们的研究结果表明，在决定 R. breviuscula 中远端偏倚的交叉分布时，减数分裂配对和联会的机制特征而非（表观）基因组特征和着丝粒组织起着主要作用，而着丝粒和（表观）遗传特性仅在局部影响交叉定位。

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