School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia.
Clinical and Health Sciences & Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
Nutrients. 2024 Jan 26;16(3):366. doi: 10.3390/nu16030366.
Diet quality may be an important modifiable risk factor for mental health disorders. However, these findings have been inconsistent, particularly in older adults. We explored the independent associations between adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and severity of symptoms related to depression, anxiety and stress in older adults from Australia. This was a cross-sectional analysis of older Australians ≥ 60 years. MedDiet adherence was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to assess the severity of negative emotional symptoms. A total of = 294 participants were included in the final analyses (70.4 ± 6.2 years). Adherence to a MedDiet was inversely associated with the severity of anxiety symptoms (β = -0.118; CI: -0.761, -0.012; = 0.043) independent of age, gender, BMI, physical activity, sleep, cognitive risk and ability to perform activities of daily living. Furthermore, MedDiet adherence was inversely associated with symptoms of stress (β = -0.151; CI: -0.680, -0.073; = 0.015) independent of age, gender, BMI, physical activity and sleep. However, no relationship between MedDiet adherence and depressive symptoms was observed. We showed that adherence to a MedDiet is inversely associated with the severity of symptoms related to anxiety and stress but not depression. Exploring these findings with the use of longitudinal analyses and robust clinical trials are needed to better elucidate these findings in older adults.
饮食质量可能是心理健康障碍的一个重要可调节风险因素。然而，这些发现并不一致，尤其是在老年人中。我们探讨了澳大利亚老年人中坚持地中海饮食（MedDiet）与抑郁、焦虑和压力相关症状严重程度之间的独立关联。这是一项对年龄在 60 岁及以上的澳大利亚老年人的横断面分析。使用地中海饮食依从性筛查器（MEDAS）评估 MedDiet 依从性，使用抑郁、焦虑和压力量表（DASS-21）评估负面情绪症状的严重程度。共有 = 294 名参与者纳入最终分析（70.4 ± 6.2 岁）。坚持 MedDiet 与焦虑症状的严重程度呈负相关（β = -0.118；CI：-0.761，-0.012； = 0.043），与年龄、性别、BMI、身体活动、睡眠、认知风险和日常生活活动能力无关。此外，MedDiet 依从性与压力症状呈负相关（β = -0.151；CI：-0.680，-0.073； = 0.015），与年龄、性别、BMI、身体活动和睡眠无关。然而，MedDiet 依从性与抑郁症状之间没有关系。我们表明，坚持 MedDiet 与焦虑和压力相关症状的严重程度呈负相关，但与抑郁无关。使用纵向分析和稳健的临床试验来探索这些发现，以更好地阐明老年人中的这些发现是必要的。
