Li Xiumei, Zhao Xin, Yu Miao, Zhang Minhong, Feng Jinghai
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Jan 29;14(3):430. doi: 10.3390/ani14030430.
With global warming and worsening climatic conditions, heat stress (HS) has become a significant challenge affecting the development of poultry production. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of HS on breast muscle metabolomics and lipid metabolism-related genes in growing broilers. One hundred twenty 29-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into normal temperature (NT; 21 ± 1 °C) and heat stress (HS; 31 ± 1 °C) groups, with six replicates (ten birds in each replicate) in each group, raised for 14 days in two environment chambers at 60 ± 7% relative humidity. Compared with the broilers in the NT group, the average daily food intake, average daily gain and breast muscle yield in the HS group were significantly lower ( < 0.05). The feed conversion ratio was significantly higher in the HS group ( < 0.05). The concentrations of serum corticosterone, free fatty acids and cholesterol and the percentage of abdominal fat of broilers in the HS group were significantly higher ( < 0.05) than the values of the broilers in the NT group. Untargeted breast muscle metabolome analysis revealed 14 upregulated differential metabolites, including glycerophosphocholine, and 27 downregulated differential metabolites, including taurine, in the HS group compared to the NT group; the HS group also displayed significant effects on six metabolic pathways compared to the NT group ( < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha () and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 in the liver and breast muscles were significantly decreased in the HS group compared with the NT group ( < 0.05). The collective findings reveal that HS can cause disorders in breast muscle lipid metabolism in broilers. The gene might be the key gene in the mechanism of the lipid metabolism that is induced by HS in breast muscle of broilers. These findings provide novel insights into the effects of HS on chicken growth.
随着全球变暖以及气候条件的恶化，热应激（HS）已成为影响家禽生产发展的一项重大挑战。在本研究中，我们旨在确定热应激对生长肉鸡胸肌代谢组学和脂质代谢相关基因的影响。将120只29日龄的艾维茵肉鸡随机分为常温（NT；21±1℃）组和热应激（HS；31±1℃）组，每组6个重复（每个重复10只鸡），在相对湿度为60±7%的两个环境舱中饲养14天。与NT组肉鸡相比，HS组的平均日采食量、平均日增重和胸肌产量显著降低（P<0.05）。HS组的饲料转化率显著更高（P<0.05）。HS组肉鸡的血清皮质酮、游离脂肪酸和胆固醇浓度以及腹脂百分比均显著高于NT组肉鸡的值（P<0.05）。非靶向胸肌代谢组分析显示，与NT组相比，HS组有14种上调的差异代谢物，包括甘油磷酸胆碱，以及27种下调的差异代谢物，包括牛磺酸；与NT组相比，HS组对6条代谢途径也有显著影响（P<0.05）。与NT组相比，HS组肝脏和胸肌中过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子-1-α、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α（PPARα）和ATP结合盒转运蛋白A1的mRNA表达水平显著降低（P<0.05）。这些研究结果共同表明，热应激可导致肉鸡胸肌脂质代谢紊乱。PPARα基因可能是热应激诱导肉鸡胸肌脂质代谢机制中的关键基因。这些发现为热应激对鸡生长的影响提供了新的见解。
