Dailah Hamad Ghaleb
Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Jan 30;12(3):352. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12030352.
The global prevalence of people with diabetes mellitus (PWD) is rapidly increasing. Nurses can provide diabetes care for PWD in several areas. Interventions led by nurses can support PWD for effective management of diabetes, which can positively improve clinical outcomes. Nurse-led diabetes self-management education (DSME) is an effective strategy to manage diabetes mellitus (DM) since it improves self-care practice and knowledge regarding diabetes. PWD often need to stay in hospitals longer, which involves poorer patient satisfaction and clinical outcomes. Nurse-led clinics for DM management are a new strategy to possibly ameliorate the disease management. Diabetes specialist nurses can play an important role in improving diabetes care in inpatient settings. Various studies have revealed that nurses can independently provide care to PWD in collaboration with various other healthcare providers. Studies also demonstrated that the nurse-led education-receiving group showed a significantly reduced level of average glycosylated haemoglobin A1c level. Moreover, nurse-led interventions often result in significant improvements in diabetes knowledge, psychological outcomes, self-management behaviours, and physiological outcomes. The purpose of this literature review was to identify the impact of nurse-led interventions on diabetes management. Moreover, in this review, a number of nursing interventions and the nurses' roles as educators, motivators as well as caregivers in DM management have been extensively discussed. This article also summarises the outcomes that are measured to evaluate the impact of nursing interventions and the strategies to overcome the existing and emerging challenges for nurses in diabetes care.
糖尿病患者（PWD）的全球患病率正在迅速上升。护士可以在多个领域为糖尿病患者提供护理。由护士主导的干预措施可以支持糖尿病患者有效管理糖尿病，从而积极改善临床结果。护士主导的糖尿病自我管理教育（DSME）是管理糖尿病（DM）的有效策略，因为它可以改善自我护理实践和糖尿病相关知识。糖尿病患者通常需要更长时间住院，这涉及到较差的患者满意度和临床结果。护士主导的糖尿病管理诊所是一种可能改善疾病管理的新策略。糖尿病专科护士可以在改善住院患者的糖尿病护理方面发挥重要作用。各种研究表明，护士可以与其他各类医疗保健提供者合作，独立为糖尿病患者提供护理。研究还表明，接受护士主导教育的组平均糖化血红蛋白A1c水平显著降低。此外，护士主导的干预措施通常会使糖尿病知识、心理结果、自我管理行为和生理结果得到显著改善。这篇文献综述的目的是确定护士主导的干预措施对糖尿病管理的影响。此外，在本综述中，还广泛讨论了一些护理干预措施以及护士在糖尿病管理中作为教育者、激励者和护理者的角色。本文还总结了为评估护理干预措施的影响而测量的结果，以及克服护士在糖尿病护理中现有和新出现挑战的策略。
