Kowalczyk Adrian, Zarychta Julia, Marszołek Anna, Zawitkowska Joanna, Lejman Monika
Student Scientific Society of Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Student Scientific Society of Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Jan 31;16(3):623. doi: 10.3390/cancers16030623.
High-grade gliomas (HGG) account for approximately 10% of central nervous system (CNS) tumors in children and 25% of CNS tumors in adults. Despite their rare occurrence, HGG are a significant clinical problem. The standard therapeutic procedure in both pediatric and adult patients with HGG is the surgical resection of the tumor combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Despite intensive treatment, the 5-year overall survival in pediatric patients is below 20-30%. This rate is even lower for the most common HGG in adults (glioblastoma), at less than 5%. It is, therefore, essential to search for new therapeutic methods that can extend the survival rate. One of the therapeutic options is the use of immune cells (T lymphocytes/natural killer (NK) cells) expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). The objective of the following review is to present the latest results of preclinical and clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of CAR-T and CAR-NK cells in HGG therapy.
高级别胶质瘤（HGG）约占儿童中枢神经系统（CNS）肿瘤的10%，占成人CNS肿瘤的25%。尽管其发病率较低，但HGG仍是一个重大的临床问题。儿童和成人HGG患者的标准治疗程序是手术切除肿瘤并结合化疗和放疗。尽管进行了强化治疗，但儿童患者的5年总生存率仍低于20%-30%。对于成人中最常见的HGG（胶质母细胞瘤），这一比率甚至更低，不到5%。因此，寻找能够提高生存率的新治疗方法至关重要。治疗选择之一是使用表达嵌合抗原受体（CAR）的免疫细胞（T淋巴细胞/自然杀伤（NK）细胞）。以下综述的目的是介绍评估CAR-T和CAR-NK细胞在HGG治疗中疗效的临床前和临床研究的最新结果。
