Khan M E, Prasad C V
Stud Fam Plann. 1985 Nov-Dec;16(6 Pt 1):312-20.
This report compares the findings of two national sample surveys and highlights changes in the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of family planning among Indian couples during 1970-1980. No significant change in desired family size during this period is indicated, but awareness about various contraceptives increased and more people had a favorable attitude toward family planning by 1980. However, about 45 percent of all couples who participated in the 1980 survey were unfamiliar with sterilization as a family planning method. About 60 percent did not know how to use condoms. The corresponding percentages for IUDs and the pill were even higher--about 80 percent in each case. Nevertheless, use of modern contraceptives increased from 10 percent in 1970 to 28 percent in 1980. The proportion of couples depending on traditional methods, primarily rhythm, was substantial and increased from 4 percent in 1970 to 7 percent in 1980. Sterilization remained the most popular modern method, followed by condoms. It was also found that current contraceptive users belonged to a relatively better socioeconomic group than those couples who did not want any additional children yet were not practicing contraception, characterized by a higher literacy level, more exposure to mass media, and better communication between spouses.
本报告比较了两项全国性抽样调查的结果，突出了1970年至1980年间印度夫妇在计划生育知识、态度和实践水平方面的变化。该时期内期望的家庭规模没有显著变化，但对各种避孕方法的知晓度有所提高，到1980年，更多人对计划生育持积极态度。然而，参与1980年调查的所有夫妇中，约45%对绝育作为一种计划生育方法并不熟悉。约60%的人不知道如何使用避孕套。宫内节育器和避孕药的相应比例甚至更高，每种情况约为80%。尽管如此，现代避孕方法的使用从1970年的10%增加到了1980年的28%。依赖传统方法（主要是安全期避孕法）的夫妇比例相当大，从1970年的4%增加到了1980年的7%。绝育仍然是最受欢迎的现代方法，其次是避孕套。研究还发现，与那些不想再要孩子但未采取避孕措施的夫妇相比，目前使用避孕方法的夫妇属于社会经济状况相对较好的群体，其特点是识字水平较高、接触大众媒体较多以及配偶之间沟通较好。
