Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, Jalisco, Mexico.
Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud-Enfermedad como Proceso Individual, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, Jalisco, Mexico.
Environ Mol Mutagen. 2024 Jan-Feb;65(1-2):84-95. doi: 10.1002/em.22584. Epub 2024 Feb 14.
Drug abuse is considered a global health problem with serious social impact. In recent decades, changes in drug consumption patterns have shown a clear rising trend in the use of multiple drugs. Although the buccal micronucleus cytome (BMCyt) assay has evaluated cytotoxicity in drug abuse, there has not been an approach that takes into account this pattern of multiple drug use. Therefore, in this study, we evaluate for the first time the cytogenotoxic effects in multidrug users, and its correlation with the amount consumed and years of abuse. This study was conducted on 166 individuals by the BMCyt assay. A total of 83 individuals with a history of multiple licit (alcohol and tobacco) and at least one illicit drug abuse (marijuana, methamphetamines, cocaine, and/or inhalants), and 83 healthy individuals, non-drug abusers were analyzed. The results showed that drug abusers had higher frequencies of nuclear abnormalities nuclear buds, binucleated cells, pyknotic nuclei (PNs), karyorrhexis (KX), and abnormally condensed chromatin when compared with healthy controls. Moreover, results suggests that the use of licit and illicit drugs is related to cytogenotoxic damage, as was shown by an upward trend in the frequency of nuclear abnormalities identified in groups 1 (alcohol + tobacco + at least one illicit drug) and 2 (tobacco + at least one illicit drug). Furthermore, a positive correlation was found in the different groups, between the years and the amount of consumption of some drugs (alcohol, methamphetamine, and tobacco) with cytotoxicity markers such as KL, KX, and PNs.
药物滥用被认为是一个具有严重社会影响的全球健康问题。近几十年来，药物消费模式的变化表明，多种药物的使用呈明显上升趋势。虽然颊黏膜微核细胞（BMCyt）测定法已经评估了药物滥用中的细胞毒性，但还没有一种方法可以考虑到这种多种药物使用的模式。因此，在这项研究中，我们首次评估了多种药物使用者的细胞遗传毒性作用，及其与消耗量和滥用年限的相关性。这项研究共纳入了 166 名个体，采用 BMCyt 测定法进行检测。共有 83 名有多种合法（酒精和烟草）和至少一种非法药物滥用（大麻、冰毒、可卡因和/或吸入剂）史的个体，以及 83 名健康的非药物滥用个体被纳入分析。结果显示，与健康对照组相比，药物滥用者的核异常核芽、双核细胞、固缩核（PN）、核碎裂（KX）和异常浓缩染色质的频率更高。此外，结果表明合法和非法药物的使用与细胞遗传毒性损伤有关，因为在第 1 组（酒精+烟草+至少一种非法药物）和第 2 组（烟草+至少一种非法药物）中，核异常的频率呈上升趋势。此外，在不同组之间发现了一种正相关关系，即某些药物（酒精、冰毒和烟草）的使用年限和消耗量与细胞毒性标志物如 KL、KX 和 PNs 之间存在正相关关系。
