Gómez-Cabrera Alejandro Salvador, González-Santiago Ana Elizabeth, Rodríguez-Mora José Francisco, Zúñiga-González Guillermo Moisés, Gómez-Meda Belinda Claudia, Baptista-Rosas Raúl Cuauhtémoc, Castañeda-Arellano Rolando, Mercado-Sesma Arieh Roldán, Zúñiga Laura Yareni, Sánchez-Parada María Guadalupe
Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá 45425, Jalisco, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Mutagénesis, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico.
Biomedicines. 2024 Feb 2;12(2):352. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12020352.
Cytogenotoxic damage caused by the consumption of legal and illegal drugs in drug abusers has been demonstrated, primarily due to alterations in their antioxidant capacity, cellular repair mechanisms, and increased production of free radicals. Folic acid shows antioxidant activity by acting as a reducing agent, neutralizing present free radicals, and reducing genomic damage.
The intervention involved administering 15 mg of folic acid, divided into three doses per day, to a group of 44 drug abusers. The frequency of nuclear abnormalities (NAs) was determined; micronuclei (MNs), nuclear buds (NBUDs), binucleated cells (BNs), abnormally condensed chromatin (CC), karyorrhexis (KX), pyknotic nuclei (PNs), and karyolysis (KL) were determined at different pre-treatment (baseline) and post-treatment time points at 15 and 30 days. Additionally, a group of 44 healthy individuals was used as the control group.
We observed a statistically significant decrease in the frequency of NAs in the drug abuser group (28.45 ± 17.74 before supplementation vs. 11.18 ± 7.42 at 15 days and 9.11 ± 10.9 at 30 days of supplementation). Specifically, it decreased the frequency of NBUDs, BNs, CC, KX, and PNs ( < 0.05).
Our study demonstrates a clear improvement in cytogenotoxic damage in drug abusers supplemented with folic acid.
吸毒者使用合法及非法药物所导致的细胞遗传毒性损伤已得到证实，这主要归因于其抗氧化能力、细胞修复机制的改变以及自由基产生的增加。叶酸通过作为还原剂发挥抗氧化活性，中和现存自由基并减少基因组损伤。
干预措施为对一组44名吸毒者每日分三次给予15毫克叶酸。测定核异常（NA）的频率；在治疗前（基线）以及治疗后15天和30天的不同时间点测定微核（MN）、核芽（NBUD）、双核细胞（BN）、异常凝聚染色质（CC）、核碎裂（KX）、固缩核（PN）和核溶解（KL）。此外，将一组44名健康个体作为对照组。
我们观察到吸毒者组中NA频率有统计学意义的下降（补充前为28.45±17.74，补充15天时为11.18±7.42，补充30天时为9.11±10.9）。具体而言，它降低了NBUD、BN、CC、KX和PN的频率（<0.05）。
我们的研究表明，补充叶酸的吸毒者的细胞遗传毒性损伤有明显改善。
