Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology and Urology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Unit of Urology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Prostate. 2024 May;84(6):513-524. doi: 10.1002/pros.24675. Epub 2024 Feb 14.
Gut microbiome is a community of microorganisms that lives in the human intestine and exerts various functions on the host, including metabolic, immunoregulatory, and control over cell proliferation. Gut microbiome alterations have been associated with various pathological conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Gut-prostate axis is explained by the association between gut microbiome quantitative and functional alterations along with increased intestinal epithelial permeability with prostatediseases. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical importance of this association are not completely clarified yet.
We conducted a narrative review of the most relevant articles in the Medline (US National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA), Scopus (Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) and Web of Science Core Collection (Thomson Reuters, Toronto, ON, Canada) databases. No chronological restrictions were applied, and the most related papers published until December 2023 were included.
Gut microbiota (GM) and its metabolites are capable of modifying host androgen level, as well as prostate cancer (PCa) therapy response. Moreover, patients with inflammatory bowel disease have higher rates of prostatitis-like symptoms and a potential risk of developing PCa.
There is evidence that interventions on the GM and its metabolites have a high potential to serve as diagnostic and therapeutic tools for prostate diseases, including PCa.
肠道微生物群是生活在人类肠道中的微生物群落，对宿主发挥着各种功能，包括代谢、免疫调节和控制细胞增殖。肠道微生物群的改变与各种病理状况有关，如糖尿病、肥胖和心血管疾病。肠道-前列腺轴解释了肠道微生物群数量和功能的改变以及肠道上皮通透性的增加与前列腺疾病之间的关联。然而，这种关联的病理生理机制和临床重要性尚未完全阐明。
我们对 Medline（美国国立医学图书馆，贝塞斯达，MD，美国）、Scopus（爱思唯尔，阿姆斯特丹，荷兰）和 Web of Science Core Collection（汤姆森路透，多伦多，ON，加拿大）数据库中最相关的文章进行了叙述性综述。没有时间限制，纳入了截至 2023 年 12 月发表的最相关的论文。
肠道微生物群（GM）及其代谢物能够改变宿主雄激素水平以及前列腺癌（PCa）的治疗反应。此外，患有炎症性肠病的患者前列腺炎样症状的发生率更高，并且有发展为前列腺癌的潜在风险。
有证据表明，对 GM 及其代谢物的干预具有作为前列腺疾病（包括前列腺癌）的诊断和治疗工具的巨大潜力。
