Franza Laura, Caldarelli Mario, Villani Emanuele Rocco, Cianci Rossella
Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Emergency Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Largo del Pozzo, 71, 41125 Modena, Italy.
Biomedicines. 2024 Jul 24;12(8):1645. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12081645.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common cause of mortality and morbidity in Western countries, thus representing a global health concern. CVDs show different patterns in terms of the prevalence and presentation in men and women. The role of sex hormones has been extensively implicated in these sex-specific differences, due to the presence of the menstrual cycle and menopause in women. Moreover, the gut microbiota (GM) has been implicated in cardiovascular health, considering the growing evidence that it is involved in determining the development of specific diseases. In particular, gut-derived metabolites have been linked to CVDs and kidney disorders, which can in turn promote the progression of CVDs. Considering the differences in the composition of GM between men and women, it is possible that gut microbiota act as a mediator in regard to the sex disparities in CVDs. This narrative review aims to comprehensively review the interplay between sex, GM, and CVDs, discussing potential mechanisms and therapeutic options.
心血管疾病（CVDs）是西方国家最常见的死亡和发病原因，因此是一个全球健康问题。心血管疾病在男性和女性中的患病率和表现形式有所不同。由于女性存在月经周期和更年期，性激素的作用在这些性别差异中得到了广泛的体现。此外，考虑到越来越多的证据表明肠道微生物群（GM）参与特定疾病的发生发展，它也与心血管健康有关。特别是，肠道衍生的代谢产物与心血管疾病和肾脏疾病有关，进而可能促进心血管疾病的进展。考虑到男性和女性肠道微生物群组成的差异，肠道微生物群有可能是心血管疾病性别差异的一个介导因素。本叙述性综述旨在全面回顾性别、肠道微生物群和心血管疾病之间的相互作用，讨论潜在机制和治疗选择。
