Cankaya Seyda, Yalciner Betul, Yilmaz Melek Kandemir, Yulug Burak
Alaaddin Keykubat University, Faculty of Medicine Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Alanya Turkey.
Okan University, Faculty of Medicine Department of Neurology Istanbul Turkey.
Alzheimers Dement (N Y). 2024 Feb 5;10(1):e12448. doi: 10.1002/trc2.12448. eCollection 2024 Jan-Mar.
The present study aims to assess the differences between major depressive disorder (MDD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in terms of verbal learning profile together with structural changes in the brain on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to reveal predictive factors for MCI.
Fifty-six patients with MDD and 31 MCI subjects were assessed using the Turkish Verbal Memory Processes Test (VMPT). Brain MRI was used to evaluate sulcal atrophy (SA), ventricular atrophy, periventricular white matter hyperintensity (WMH), subcortical WMH, basal ganglia infarct, medial temporal lobe atrophy, and infratentorial infarct scores based on the Modified Visual MRI Rating Scale (MVMRS). The symptoms of depression were evaluated with the Beck Depression Inventory in both groups. Demographic factors, VMPT scores, and MVMRS scores between MDD and MCI groups were compared. Also, potential predictors of MCI were analyzed by binary logistic regression analyses.
The total scores of VMPT and the scores of VMPT subgroups, including immediate memory, highest learning, total learning, and delayed recall, were significantly higher in the MDD groups compared to MCI patients (Mann-Whitney , Student's -test, < 0.05), indicating that higher scores were associated with better memory. The total MVMRS score and a subgroup of MVMRS, the SA score, were significantly higher in MCI patients compared to the MDD group, suggesting more atrophic changes and a higher burden of infarction in MCI patients. In our statistical analyses, impaired immediate memory ( < 0.001; OR = 6.002; 95% CI: 1.996-18.042), increased SA ( = 0.008; OR = 1.522; 95% CI: 1.118-2.073), and education ( = 0.028; OR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.719-0.981) were significant predictive values obtained through backward Wald elimination in the binary logistic regression model for detecting MCI.
Our findings suggest that VMPT may potentially represent a novel neuropsychiatric test that might be combined with MRI-based morphometric evaluation methods, such as MVMRS.
本研究旨在评估重度抑郁症（MDD）和轻度认知障碍（MCI）在言语学习特征方面的差异，以及磁共振成像（MRI）上大脑的结构变化，并揭示MCI的预测因素。
使用土耳其语言语记忆过程测试（VMPT）对56例MDD患者和31例MCI受试者进行评估。基于改良视觉MRI评分量表（MVMRS），使用脑MRI评估脑沟萎缩（SA）、脑室萎缩、脑室周围白质高信号（WMH）、皮质下WMH、基底节梗死、内侧颞叶萎缩和幕下梗死评分。两组均使用贝克抑郁量表评估抑郁症状。比较MDD组和MCI组的人口统计学因素、VMPT评分和MVMRS评分。此外，通过二元逻辑回归分析分析MCI的潜在预测因素。
与MCI患者相比，MDD组的VMPT总分以及VMPT亚组的分数，包括即时记忆、最高学习、总学习和延迟回忆，均显著更高（曼-惠特尼检验、学生t检验，P<0.05），表明分数越高与记忆越好相关。与MDD组相比，MCI患者的MVMRS总分和MVMRS亚组SA评分显著更高，表明MCI患者的萎缩变化更多，梗死负担更高。在我们的统计分析中，即时记忆受损（P<0.001；OR = 6.002；95%CI：1.996 - 18.042）、SA增加（P = 0.008；OR = 1.522；95%CI：1.118 - 2.073）和受教育程度（P = 0.028；OR = 0.84；95%CI：0.719 - 0.981）是通过二元逻辑回归模型中向后Wald消除法获得的用于检测MCI的显著预测值。
我们的研究结果表明，VMPT可能是一种新型神经精神测试，可与基于MRI的形态学评估方法（如MVMRS）相结合。
