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基于内在能力健康标准和社会分层分析的中国老年人口健康期望寿命研究。

Research on the healthy life expectancy of older adult individuals in China based on intrinsic capacity health standards and social stratification analysis.

机构信息

Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China.

出版信息

Front Public Health. 2024 Jan 15;11:1303467. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1303467. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Based on the health standard of intrinsic capacity, this paper conducts an empirical study on the healthy life expectancy of older adult individuals aged 60 and older in China and analyzes the health inequities associated with different social characteristics to provide a reference for improving care for the older adult in China.

METHODS

Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011 to 2015 were used to evaluate the intrinsic capacity level of older adult individuals, and the multistate life table method was used to measure the healthy life expectancy of older adult individuals in China with the help of IMaCH software. Based on the theory of social stratification, the health inequality between older adult individuals in different social classes was analyzed in three dimensions: residence, income and education level.

RESULTS

The calculation results show that the average life expectancy of the older adult in China at age 60 is 21.07 years, the healthy life expectancy is 16.89 years, and the healthy life expectancy accounts for 80.2% of the average life expectancy. The healthy life expectancy of older adult individuals with different social characteristics in China shows significant differences, and the healthy life expectancy of older adult individuals who are male, live in urban environments, have high levels of education and have middle- to high-income levels is significantly better than that of older adult individuals who are female, live in rural areas, have low levels of education and income.

CONCLUSION

Healthy life expectancy measured by intrinsic capacity as the health standard has a certain reference value, which reflects the overall health level of older adult individuals in China and expands the transformation and multidimensional understanding of the healthy thinking of older adult individuals in China. The analysis by social stratification reflects the large health inequities that exist in the older adult population in China.

摘要

背景

本研究基于内在能力健康标准,对我国 60 岁及以上老年人的健康期望寿命进行实证研究,并分析了不同社会特征与健康不平等的关系,旨在为改善我国老年人健康照护提供参考。

方法

利用 2011 至 2015 年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,评价老年人的内在能力水平,采用多状态生命表法,借助 IMaCH 软件测算我国老年人的健康期望寿命。基于社会分层理论,从居住、收入和受教育程度三个维度分析不同社会阶层老年人的健康不平等。

结果

计算结果表明,我国 60 岁老年人的平均期望寿命为 21.07 年,健康期望寿命为 16.89 年,健康期望寿命占平均期望寿命的 80.2%。我国不同社会特征老年人的健康期望寿命存在显著差异,男性、居住在城镇、受教育程度高、收入水平处于中等偏上的老年人的健康期望寿命明显好于女性、居住在农村、受教育程度低、收入水平低的老年人。

结论

以内在能力作为健康标准衡量的健康期望寿命具有一定的参考价值,反映了我国老年人的整体健康水平,拓展了我国老年人健康思想的转变和多维认识。社会分层分析反映了我国老年人健康不平等现象较为严重。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5270/10865369/500c93ef7cbb/fpubh-11-1303467-g0001.jpg

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