Tang Ziwei, Li Xue, Zheng Yanfeng, Liu Jin, Liu Chao, Li Xia
The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China.
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2024 Jan 31;12:1341999. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1341999. eCollection 2024.
The current situation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) management is challenging due to its high incidence, mortality, recurrence and metastasis. Recent advances in gene genetic and expression regulation have unveiled the significant role of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) in various cancers. This led to the formulation of the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis, which posits that both coding RNA and ncRNA, containing miRNA response elements (MRE), can share the same miRNA sequence. This results in a competitive network between ncRNAs, such as lncRNA and mRNA, allowing them to regulate each other. Extensive research has highlighted the crucial role of the ceRNA network in HCC development, impacting various cellular processes including proliferation, metastasis, cell death, angiogenesis, tumor microenvironment, organismal immunity, and chemotherapy resistance. Additionally, the ceRNA network, mediated by lncRNA or circRNA, offers potential in early diagnosis and prevention of HCC. Consequently, ceRNAs are emerging as therapeutic targets for HCC. The complexity of these gene networks aligns with the multi-target approach of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), presenting a novel perspective for TCM in combating HCC. Research is beginning to show that TCM compounds and prescriptions can affect HCC progression through the ceRNA network, inhibiting proliferation and metastasis, and inducing apoptosis. Currently, the lncRNAs TUG1, NEAT1, and CCAT1, along with their associated ceRNA networks, are among the most promising ncRNAs for HCC research. However, this field is still in its infancy, necessitating advanced technology and extensive basic research to fully understand the ceRNA network mechanisms of TCM in HCC treatment.
由于肝细胞癌（HCC）的高发病率、高死亡率、高复发率和高转移率，其治疗现状颇具挑战性。基因遗传和表达调控方面的最新进展揭示了非编码RNA（ncRNA）在各种癌症中的重要作用。这导致了竞争性内源RNA（ceRNA）假说的形成，该假说认为，含有微小RNA反应元件（MRE）的编码RNA和ncRNA都可以共享相同的微小RNA序列。这导致了lncRNA和mRNA等ncRNA之间的竞争性网络，使它们能够相互调节。广泛的研究强调了ceRNA网络在HCC发展中的关键作用，影响着包括增殖、转移、细胞死亡、血管生成、肿瘤微环境、机体免疫和化疗耐药性在内的各种细胞过程。此外，由lncRNA或circRNA介导的ceRNA网络在HCC的早期诊断和预防中具有潜力。因此，ceRNAs正在成为HCC的治疗靶点。这些基因网络的复杂性与传统中医（TCM）的多靶点方法相一致，为中医对抗HCC提供了新视角。研究开始表明，中药化合物和方剂可以通过ceRNA网络影响HCC的进展，抑制增殖和转移，并诱导凋亡。目前，lncRNAs TUG1、NEAT1和CCAT1及其相关的ceRNA网络是HCC研究中最有前景的ncRNAs。然而，该领域仍处于起步阶段，需要先进技术和广泛的基础研究来全面了解中医在HCC治疗中的ceRNA网络机制。
