National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
Institute of Soil Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550006, China.
Arch Microbiol. 2024 Feb 16;206(3):106. doi: 10.1007/s00203-024-03839-2.
Uncaria rhynchophylla is an important herbal medicine, and the predominant issues affecting its cultivation include a single method of fertilizer application and inappropriate chemical fertilizer application. To reduce the use of inorganic nitrogen fertilization and increase the yield of Uncaria rhynchophylla, field experiments in 2020-2021 were conducted. The experimental treatments included the following categories: S1, no fertilization; S2, application of chemical NPK fertilizer; and S3-S6, application of chemical fertilizers and green manures, featuring nitrogen fertilizers reductions of 0%, 15%, 30%, and 45%, respectively. The results showed that a moderate application of nitrogen fertilizer when combined with green manure, can help alleviate soil acidification and increase urease activity. Specifically, the treatment with green manure provided in a 14.71-66.67% increase in urease activity compared to S2. Metagenomics sequencing results showed a decrease in diversity in S3, S4, S5, and S6 compared to S2, but the application of chemical fertilizer with green manure promoted an increase in the relative abundance of Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi. In addition, the nitrification pathway displayed a progressive augmentation in tandem with the reduction in nitrogen fertilizer and application of green manure, reaching its zenith at S5. Conversely, other nitrogen metabolism pathways showed a decline in correlation with diminishing nitrogen fertilizer dosages. The rest of the treatments showed an increase in yield in comparison to S1, S5 showing significant differences (p < 0.05). In summary, although S2 demonstrate the ability to enhance soil microbial diversity, it is important to consider the long-term ecological impacts, and S5 may be a better choice.
钩藤是一种重要的草药，影响其栽培的主要问题包括施肥方法单一和化肥施用不当。为减少无机氮肥的使用量，提高钩藤的产量，于 2020-2021 年进行了田间试验。试验处理包括：S1，不施肥；S2，施用化学 NPK 肥料；S3-S6，施用化肥和绿肥，氮素分别减少 0%、15%、30%和 45%。结果表明，适量施用氮肥与绿肥相结合，可以缓解土壤酸化，提高脲酶活性。具体来说，绿肥处理的脲酶活性比 S2 提高了 14.71-66.67%。宏基因组测序结果表明，与 S2 相比，S3、S4、S5 和 S6 的多样性降低，但化肥与绿肥的施用促进了 Acidobacteria 和 Chloroflexi 的相对丰度增加。此外，硝化途径随着氮肥和绿肥用量的减少而逐渐增加，在 S5 时达到顶峰。相反，其他氮代谢途径与施氮量的减少呈负相关。与 S1 相比，其余处理的产量均有所增加，S5 差异显著（p<0.05）。综上所述，虽然 S2 能够提高土壤微生物多样性，但需要考虑其长期的生态影响，S5 可能是更好的选择。
