Hitit University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Child Health and Diseases Nursing, Corum, Turkey.
Hitit University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Child Health and Diseases Nursing, Corum, Turkey.
J Pediatr Nurs. 2024 May-Jun;76:76-82. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.02.007. Epub 2024 Feb 15.
This study aims to determine the depression, stress and anxiety levels of mothers with preschool children during the pandemic and to determine their coping strategies with stress.
This descriptive study sampled 300 mothers with kindergarten children in the 2021-2022 academic year. The data were collected with a personal information form, The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and Stress-Coping Styles Scale (SCSS). Numerical variables were presented as mean and standard deviation, and categorical variables were presented as numbers and percentages. The Mann Whitney U test was used for the dual group and the Kruskal Wallis test for more than two groups in the comparison of the scale mean scores. The relationship between the two scales was determined by Pearson's correlation analysis. p < 0.05 value was accepted statistically significant.
The depression, anxiety and stress mean scores of the mothers in the study were high (10.01 ± 4.79; 9.07 ± 5.09; 10.28 ± 4.28, respectively). There is a high level of negative correlation between the SCSS self-confidence approach scores, optimistic approach scores and depression, anxiety and stress scores, and a high level of positive correlation between the helpless/self-accusatory approach, submissive approach, optimistic approach and depression, anxiety and stress scores.
Mothers with pre-school children have been found to experience intense depression, anxiety and stress during the pandemic, and as their depression, stress and anxiety levels increase, they move away from self-confident and optimistic approaches, and they embrace more the helpless/self-accusatory approach and submissive approach, seeking social support.
In the event of a future pandemic, psychiatry and pediatric nurses should strengthen positive coping styles and make mothers aware of social support resources to ensure that mothers, who are the most vulnerable group in terms of mental health, and thus children, do not experience psychiatric problems. Thus, nurses, as mandated by the holistic care approach, provide the qualified care that the individual and his family deserve.
本研究旨在确定疫情期间有学龄前儿童的母亲的抑郁、压力和焦虑水平，并确定她们应对压力的策略。
本描述性研究在 2021-2022 学年抽取了 300 名幼儿园儿童的母亲。使用个人信息表、抑郁、焦虑和压力量表-21（DASS-21）和压力应对方式量表（SCSS）收集数据。数值变量表示为平均值和标准差，分类变量表示为数字和百分比。在两组之间的量表平均分数比较中使用了 Mann-Whitney U 检验，在三组以上的比较中使用了 Kruskal-Wallis 检验。通过 Pearson 相关分析确定两个量表之间的关系。统计学上显著的差异为 p<0.05。
研究中母亲的抑郁、焦虑和压力平均得分较高（10.01±4.79；9.07±5.09；10.28±4.28）。SCSS 自信方法得分、乐观方法得分与抑郁、焦虑和压力得分之间存在高度负相关，无助/自责方法、顺从方法、乐观方法与抑郁、焦虑和压力得分之间存在高度正相关。
研究发现，有学龄前儿童的母亲在疫情期间经历了强烈的抑郁、焦虑和压力，随着抑郁、压力和焦虑水平的升高，她们远离自信和乐观的方法，转而更多地采用无助/自责和顺从的方法，寻求社会支持。
在未来发生大流行的情况下，精神科和儿科护士应加强积极的应对方式，使母亲意识到社会支持资源，以确保作为心理健康最脆弱群体的母亲和因此儿童不会经历精神健康问题。因此，护士作为整体护理方法的要求，提供个人和他的家庭应得的合格护理。
