Wang Ya, Li Nan, Huang Xia, Wang Jingjun, Huang Junqiang, Huang Yalin, Feng Yan, Qin Liu, Huang Hao
Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2025 Jun 13;16:1595392. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1595392. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND: Burnout among nurses is a global problem that results in increased turnover as well as decreased career satisfaction and poor nursing service. Previous researchers have suggested that anxiety is associated with burnout. However, the relationship between anxiety and burnout requires further investigation to clarify. How interpersonal relationships and coping styles influence this relationship remains to be further explored. Furthermore, the question of how the demographic characteristics of nurses predict burnout remains unanswered. AIMS: This study aimed to explore the mechanisms by which anxiety affects burnout, to verify the mediating roles of interpersonal relationship problems and positive coping in the relationship between anxiety and burnout, and to explore the factors that can predict burnout among nurses. METHODS: A total of 4,856 nurses were enrolled in this study. The ability of anxiety, positive coping, interpersonal relationship problems, and demographic factors to predict burnout were explored via linear regression models. The relationships among anxiety, positive coping, interpersonal relationship problems, and burnout were also explored by developing a parallel mediation model with the assistance of SPSS PROCESS 3.3 software. RESULTS: The following factors can predict burnout among nurses: internal medicine ward (β=0.075 p<0.01), surgery ward (β=0.054 p<0.01), operating room (β=0.022 p=0.037), a number of night shifts worked per month higher than 10 (β=0.046 p<0.01), and possession of a master's degree or higher level of education (β=0.03 p<0.01). Positive coping (β=0.029, 95% CI: 0.022 to 0.036) and interpersonal relationship problems (β=0.134, 95% CI: 0.118 to 0.151) mediate the relationship between anxiety and burnout. CONCLUSION: The results of this study reveal that nurses' department, level of education, and number of night shifts worked per month are effective predictors of burnout. Positive coping and interpersonal relationships problems mediate the relationship between anxiety and burnout.
背景：护士职业倦怠是一个全球性问题，会导致人员流动增加、职业满意度下降以及护理服务质量不佳。先前的研究表明，焦虑与职业倦怠有关。然而，焦虑与职业倦怠之间的关系仍需进一步研究以阐明。人际关系和应对方式如何影响这种关系仍有待进一步探索。此外，护士的人口统计学特征如何预测职业倦怠的问题仍未得到解答。 目的：本研究旨在探讨焦虑影响职业倦怠的机制，验证人际关系问题和积极应对在焦虑与职业倦怠关系中的中介作用，并探索可预测护士职业倦怠的因素。 方法：本研究共纳入4856名护士。通过线性回归模型探讨焦虑、积极应对、人际关系问题和人口统计学因素对职业倦怠的预测能力。借助SPSS PROCESS 3.3软件建立平行中介模型，探讨焦虑、积极应对、人际关系问题和职业倦怠之间的关系。 结果：以下因素可预测护士的职业倦怠：内科病房（β=0.075，p<0.01）、外科病房（β=0.054，p<0.01）、手术室（β=0.022，p=0.037）、每月夜班次数超过10次（β=0.046，p<0.01）以及拥有硕士学位或更高学历（β=0.03，p<0.01）。积极应对（β=0.029，95%CI：0.022至0.036）和人际关系问题（β=0.134，95%CI：0.118至0.151）在焦虑与职业倦怠的关系中起中介作用。 结论：本研究结果表明，护士所在科室、教育程度和每月夜班次数是职业倦怠的有效预测因素。积极应对和人际关系问题在焦虑与职业倦怠的关系中起中介作用。
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