Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2024 Feb;59(2):e14542. doi: 10.1111/rda.14542.
The anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) indicates ovarian reserve in cattle, maintaining a consistent trajectory post-puberty. In heterosexual pregnancies, the development of the Müllerian duct in female foetuses is inhibited, resulting in an anticipated minimal or absent ovarian reserve capacity. This investigation aimed to compare AMH levels in healthy Holstein heifers that had reached puberty with those of freemartin animals of the same breed and age. The study incorporated Holstein heifers reaching puberty between 11 and 15 months of age in Group 1 (G1, n = 20) and freemartin animals in Group 2 (G2, n = 19, 16). AMH measurements (AMH-1/AMH-2) were recorded at 12-day intervals for the study participants. Notably, AMH levels in three freemartin animals could not be detected, prompting statistical analysis based on measurements from the remaining 16 freemartin animals in G2. A statistically significant correlation was observed between two separate measurements in G1 and G2 (p < .001). Furthermore, AMH-1 and AMH-2 levels were statistically higher in G1 than in G2 (p < .001). In G1, AMH-1 levels ranged from 227 to 677 pg/mL, with an average of 367.3 ± 25.5 pg/mL, and AMH-2 levels ranged from 234 to 645 pg/mL, with an average of 380.8 ± 24.4 pg/mL. Conversely, in G2, AMH-1 levels ranged from 10 to 72 pg/mL, with an average of 26.8 ± 4.44 pg/mL, and AMH-2 levels ranged from 12 to 68 pg/mL, with an average of 28.75 ± 4.18 pg/mL. The mean AMH levels in G1 were approximately 14 times higher than in G2 (p < .001). Consequently, ROC analysis utilizing AMH-1 and AMH-2 data established cut-off values of ≤72 and ≤ 68 pg/mL respectively for distinguishing freemartin animals. In conclusion, AMH could be used as a reliable biomarker for identifying Holstein freemartin animals.
抗缪勒管激素（AMH）可指示牛的卵巢储备，在青春期后保持一致的轨迹。在异性妊娠中，雌性胎儿的缪勒管发育受到抑制，导致预期的最小或不存在卵巢储备能力。本研究旨在比较达到青春期的健康荷斯坦小母牛与同品种和年龄的自由马丁动物的 AMH 水平。该研究纳入了 11 至 15 月龄达到青春期的荷斯坦小母牛（G1，n=20）和 16 只自由马丁动物（G2，n=19，16）。研究参与者每隔 12 天记录一次 AMH 测量值（AMH-1/AMH-2）。值得注意的是，无法检测到三只自由马丁动物的 AMH 水平，因此基于 G2 中其余 16 只自由马丁动物的测量值进行了统计分析。在 G1 和 G2 中观察到两次单独测量之间存在统计学显著相关性（p<0.001）。此外，G1 中的 AMH-1 和 AMH-2 水平显著高于 G2（p<0.001）。在 G1 中，AMH-1 水平范围为 227 至 677pg/mL，平均为 367.3±25.5pg/mL，AMH-2 水平范围为 234 至 645pg/mL，平均为 380.8±24.4pg/mL。相比之下，在 G2 中，AMH-1 水平范围为 10 至 72pg/mL，平均为 26.8±4.44pg/mL，AMH-2 水平范围为 12 至 68pg/mL，平均为 28.75±4.18pg/mL。G1 中的平均 AMH 水平大约是 G2 的 14 倍（p<0.001）。因此，利用 AMH-1 和 AMH-2 数据进行 ROC 分析，确定了分别用于区分自由马丁动物的≤72 和≤68pg/mL 的截止值。总之，AMH 可用作识别荷斯坦自由马丁动物的可靠生物标志物。
