Department of Public Mental Health, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Department of Neurosciences, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Schizophr Bull. 2024 Jul 27;50(4):891-902. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbae004.
Affective recovery, operationalized as the time needed for affect to return to baseline levels after daily stressors, may be a putative momentary representation of resilience. This study aimed to investigate affective recovery in positive and negative affect across subclinical and clinical stages of psychosis and whether this is associated with exposure to childhood trauma (sexual, physical, and emotional abuse).
We used survival analysis to predict the time-to-recovery from a daily event-related stressor in a pooled sample of 3 previously conducted experience sampling studies including 113 individuals with first-episode psychosis, 162 at-risk individuals, and 94 controls.
Negative affective recovery (ie, return to baseline following an increase in negative affect) was longer in individuals with first-episode psychosis compared with controls (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI; 1.03, 2.61], P = .04) and in at-risk individuals exposed to high vs low levels of emotional abuse (HR = 1.31, 95% CI [1.06, 1.62], P = .01). Positive affective recovery (ie, return to baseline following a decrease in positive affect) did not differ between groups and was not associated with childhood trauma.
Our results give first indications that negative affective recovery may be a putative momentary representation of resilience across stages of psychosis and may be amplified in at-risk individuals with prior experiences of emotional abuse. Understanding how affective recovery contributes to the development of psychosis may help identify new targets for prevention and intervention to buffer risk or foster resilience in daily life.
情感恢复，即日常压力源后情感恢复到基线水平所需的时间，可能是恢复力的一个瞬时表现。本研究旨在探讨精神分裂症亚临床和临床阶段正负情感的情感恢复情况，以及这是否与儿童期创伤（性、身体和情感虐待）有关。
我们使用生存分析来预测在三个之前进行的经验抽样研究的汇总样本中，从日常事件相关应激源中恢复的时间，该样本包括 113 名首发精神病患者、162 名高危个体和 94 名对照。
与对照组相比，首发精神病患者的负性情感恢复（即负性情感增加后恢复到基线）时间更长（危险比[HR] = 1.71，95%置信区间[CI]；1.03，2.61]，P = 0.04），且高危个体中暴露于高情绪虐待水平与低情绪虐待水平相比，情感恢复时间更短（HR = 1.31，95% CI [1.06，1.62]，P = 0.01）。正性情感恢复（即正性情感降低后恢复到基线）在组间无差异，且与儿童期创伤无关。
我们的研究结果首次表明，负性情感恢复可能是精神分裂症各阶段恢复力的一个瞬时表现，且在有情绪虐待经历的高危个体中可能会增强。了解情感恢复如何影响精神病的发展，可能有助于确定新的预防和干预目标，以缓冲日常生活中的风险或促进恢复力。
