有护理背景的志愿者为城市社区老年人提供的志愿服务的范围和倾向：一项定性研究。
Scope and inclination of voluntary service for urban community-living older adults provided by volunteers with nursing background: A qualitative study.
机构信息
Department of Nursing, Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
School of Nursing,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
出版信息
Health Expect. 2024 Feb;27(1):e13990. doi: 10.1111/hex.13990.
BACKGROUND
With the growing challenge of an aging population, addressing the needs of elderly individuals who face living difficulties and lack family support becomes increasingly difficult. Volunteer services are crucial in this context, yet their effectiveness is hindered by unclear service scopes and uncertain volunteer inclinations.
AIM
To explore the role and specific preference of volunteers with nursing backgrounds in support of older adults living in the urban community. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted between September and October 2022. Twenty-three participants (hospital nurses [10], community nurses [4], nursing teachers [4] and nursing students [5]) were selected. Data analysis followed conventional content analysis.
RESULTS
Nine major themes were identified based on interview data. Four themes described the service scope of nursing volunteers: (1) environment domain, (2) physiological domain, (3) psychosocial domain and (4) health-related behaviours domain. Another five themes highlighted the service inclination of these volunteers: (1) service frequency, (2) service duration per person/time, (3) service coverage, (4) service place and (5) service object.
CONCLUSION
This study clarifies the service focus and scope of necessary support for volunteers, exploring the potential service capabilities of scarce volunteers to the greatest extent. Meanwhile, the results of this study also provide a foundation for stakeholders to fully exploit the synergy. The important findings of this study will help the government and relevant authorities better understand the service attributes of nursing volunteers, allowing them to develop detailed training plans and provide nursing volunteers with targeted support and assistance to meet the health expectations of urban community-living older adults in need.
PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION
Developing research questions, participation and conduct and provision and interpretation of evidence.
背景
随着人口老龄化问题的日益严峻，如何满足面临生活困难和缺乏家庭支持的老年人群体的需求变得愈发困难。在这种情况下，志愿者服务至关重要，但由于服务范围不明确和志愿者意向不确定，其效果受到了阻碍。
目的
探索具有护理背景的志愿者在支持城市社区老年人群体方面的作用和具体偏好。
设计、环境和参与者：本研究于 2022 年 9 月至 10 月进行了一项描述性定性研究。共选择了 23 名参与者（医院护士[10 名]、社区护士[4 名]、护理教师[4 名]和护理学生[5 名]）。数据分析遵循常规内容分析。
结果
根据访谈数据，确定了 9 个主要主题。其中 4 个主题描述了护理志愿者的服务范围：（1）环境领域，（2）生理领域，（3）心理社会领域和（4）健康相关行为领域。另外 5 个主题突出了这些志愿者的服务倾向：（1）服务频率，（2）每人/每次服务时长，（3）服务覆盖范围，（4）服务地点和（5）服务对象。
结论
本研究明确了志愿者必要支持的服务重点和范围，最大限度地挖掘了稀缺志愿者的潜在服务能力。同时，本研究的结果也为利益相关者充分发挥协同作用提供了基础。本研究的重要发现将有助于政府和相关部门更好地了解护理志愿者的服务属性，以便他们制定详细的培训计划，并为护理志愿者提供有针对性的支持和帮助，以满足城市社区中需要帮助的老年人群体的健康期望。
患者或公众贡献
提出研究问题、参与研究实施和管理、提供研究证据并对其进行解释。
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