FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.
FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.
Schizophr Res. 2024 Apr;266:50-57. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.01.031. Epub 2024 Feb 17.
Schizophrenic symptoms are known to segregate into reality distortion, negative and disorganization syndromes, but the correlates of these syndromes with regional brain structural change are not well established. Cognitive impairment is a further clinical feature of schizophrenia, whose brain structural correlates are the subject of conflicting findings.
165 patients with schizophrenia were rated for symptoms using the PANSS, and cognitive impairment was indexed by estimated premorbid-current IQ discrepancy. Cortical volume was measured using surface-based morphometry in the patients and in 50 healthy controls. Correlations between clinical and cognitive measures and cortical volume were examined using whole-brain FreeSurfer tools.
No clusters of volume reduction were seen associated with reality distortion or disorganization. Negative symptom scores showed a significant inverse correlation with volume in a small cluster in the left medial orbitofrontal gyrus. Larger estimated premorbid-current IQ discrepancies were associated with clusters of reduced cortical volume in the left precentral gyrus and the left temporal lobe. The cluster of association with negative symptoms disappeared when estimated premorbid-current IQ discrepancy was controlled for.
This study does not provide support for an association between brain structural abnormality and reality distortion or disorganization syndromes in schizophrenia. The cluster of volume reduction found in the left medial orbitofrontal cortex correlated with negative symptoms may have reflected the association between this class of symptoms and cognitive impairment. The study adds to existing findings of an association between cognitive impairment and brain structural changes in the disorder.
精神分裂症的症状已知可分为现实扭曲、阴性和紊乱综合征，但这些综合征与区域性大脑结构变化的相关性尚未得到很好的确定。认知障碍是精神分裂症的另一个临床特征，其大脑结构相关性是存在争议的。
对 165 名精神分裂症患者使用 PANSS 进行症状评定，使用估计的病前-当前智商差异来评估认知障碍。使用基于表面的形态测量法在患者和 50 名健康对照者中测量皮质体积。使用全脑 FreeSurfer 工具检查临床和认知测量值与皮质体积之间的相关性。
没有发现与现实扭曲或紊乱相关的体积减少簇。阴性症状评分与左侧内侧眶额回的一个小簇体积呈显著负相关。更大的估计病前-当前智商差异与左中央前回和左颞叶的皮质体积减少簇有关。当控制估计病前-当前智商差异时，与阴性症状相关的簇消失了。
本研究不支持精神分裂症中大脑结构异常与现实扭曲或紊乱综合征之间存在关联。在左侧内侧眶额皮质中发现的体积减少簇与阴性症状相关，可能反映了这一类症状与认知障碍之间的关联。该研究增加了现有发现，即认知障碍与该疾病的大脑结构变化之间存在关联。
