Tak Yamini, Kaur Manpreet, Chitranashi Abhishek, Samota Mahesh Kumar, Verma Preeti, Bali Manoj, Kumawat Chiranjeev
Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture University, Kota, India.
Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.
Front Nutr. 2024 Feb 2;11:1280100. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1280100. eCollection 2024.
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that endangers the entire body's tissues and organs. Diabetes impairs glucose and insulin regulation in the human body by causing pancreatic cell damage. Diabetes modifies pathways such as serine/threonine protein kinase (Akt) and Protein kinase C (PKC)/- glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) glucose absorption, and inhibits α-amylase and α-glucosidase, Sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT-1), and Na-K-ATPase activity. Diabetes may also be caused by a decrease in the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) and its target genes, fatty acid synthase (FAS), stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACC), as well as a decrease in the levels of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), Caspase12, and Caspase3 proteins. Diabetes has long been linked to diseases of the cardiovascular, nervous, skeletal, reproductive, hepatic, ocular, and renal systems. Diosgenin, a steroidal compound derived from fenugreek, aids in the prevention of diabetes by altering cellular pathways in favor of healthy bodily functions. Diosgenin is a new nutraceutical on the market that claims to cure diabetes in particular. This article focuses on diosgenin extraction and purification, fenugreek bioactive compounds, pharmacological properties of diosgenin, mode of action of diosgenin to cure diabetes, and dosages.
糖尿病是一种慢性代谢疾病，会危及全身组织和器官。糖尿病通过损害胰腺细胞，破坏人体中的葡萄糖和胰岛素调节。糖尿病会改变丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶（Akt）和蛋白激酶C（PKC）/葡萄糖转运蛋白4（GLUT4）、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）等葡萄糖吸收途径，并抑制α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶、钠/葡萄糖协同转运蛋白1（SGLT-1）以及钠钾ATP酶的活性。糖尿病还可能由固醇调节元件结合蛋白1（SREBP-1）及其靶基因脂肪酸合酶（FAS）、硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶-1（SCD-1）和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶α（ACC）的表达降低，以及C/EBP同源蛋白（CHOP）、半胱天冬酶12和半胱天冬酶3蛋白水平降低引起。长期以来，糖尿病一直与心血管、神经、骨骼、生殖、肝脏、眼睛和肾脏系统疾病有关。薯蓣皂苷元是一种从胡芦巴中提取的甾体化合物，通过改变细胞途径以促进身体健康功能，有助于预防糖尿病。薯蓣皂苷元是市场上一种新型的营养保健品，尤其宣称能治愈糖尿病。本文重点介绍薯蓣皂苷元的提取与纯化、胡芦巴生物活性化合物、薯蓣皂苷元的药理特性、薯蓣皂苷元治愈糖尿病的作用方式以及剂量。
