Kim Min Gun, Kim Sojin, Boo Kyung-Hwan, Kim Jae-Hoon, Kim Chang Sook
Faculty of Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243 Republic of Korea.
Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243 Republic of Korea.
Food Sci Biotechnol. 2023 Jul 24;33(4):903-911. doi: 10.1007/s10068-023-01390-2. eCollection 2024 Mar.
This study examined the anti-inflammatory effects of 70% ethanol crude extract of immature fruits (ICE) and its solvent fractions in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, we analyzed the active compounds related to suppression of inflammation. It was found that the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction showed the highest level of inhibition of NO production, and this inhibitory activity was concentration-dependent. Moreover, the EtOAc fraction not only inhibited TNF-α and IL-6 production but also inhibited iNOS and COX-2 protein expression. Furthermore, inhibition of NF-κB activity and MAPK phosphorylation was also observed. In addition, β-sitosterol, campesterol and isoferulic acid were identified as major anti-inflammatory components in the EtOAc fraction. These results suggested that the EtOAc fraction of immature fruit extract exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, and that this fruit could be used as a natural anti-inflammatory material.
本研究考察了未成熟果实70%乙醇粗提物（ICE）及其溶剂萃取物在脂多糖（LPS）刺激的RAW 264.7细胞中的抗炎作用。此外，我们分析了与炎症抑制相关的活性化合物。结果发现，乙酸乙酯（EtOAc）萃取物对一氧化氮（NO）生成的抑制水平最高，且这种抑制活性呈浓度依赖性。此外，EtOAc萃取物不仅抑制肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）的生成，还抑制诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）和环氧化酶-2（COX-2）蛋白表达。此外，还观察到对核因子-κB（NF-κB）活性和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）磷酸化的抑制作用。此外，β-谷甾醇、菜油甾醇和异阿魏酸被鉴定为EtOAc萃取物中的主要抗炎成分。这些结果表明，未成熟果实提取物的EtOAc萃取物通过抑制NF-κB和MAPK信号通路发挥抗炎作用，且该果实可作为天然抗炎材料。
