维持性血液透析慢性肾脏病患者生活质量的影响因素分析
Analysis of influencing factors on quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing maintenance haemodialysis.
作者信息
Hao Jianping, Wang Yifei, Wang Yali, Zhang Jing, Gao Jia, Kang Liyuan, Wang Xin, Yang Jiankun, Zhang Lili, Liu Jing
机构信息
Blood Purification Center, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Blood Purification Center, Beijing Puren Hospital, Beijing 100062, China.
出版信息
Heliyon. 2024 Feb 3;10(4):e25817. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25817. eCollection 2024 Feb 29.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate and analyse the quality of life (QoL) of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing maintenance haemodialysis (MHD), explore influencing factors and provide a basis for formulating corresponding intervention measures.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 190 patients with CKD undergoing MHD in hospital between March 2021 and March 2022. A general information questionnaire and the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form were used to collect data. The QoL scores of patients with CKD undergoing MHD were calculated and compared by -test and analysis of variance. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyse the correlation between QoL scores and related factors. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to screen the influencing factors of QoL.
RESULTS
The total score of QoL of patients with CKD undergoing MHD was 59.32 ± 11.67, and the scores of physical component summary, mental component summary and kidney disease component summary were 50.21 ± 9.32, 48.76 ± 10.81 and 66.34 ± 12.76, respectively. The QoL scores of patients with CKD undergoing MHD were significantly different in age, education level, marital status, employment status, monthly income, dialysis frequency, dialysis duration and complications ( < 0.05). The QoL scores were positively correlated with education level, monthly income and dialysis frequency, and negatively correlated with age, dialysis duration and blood phosphorus level ( < 0.05). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, education level, employment status, dialysis frequency, dialysis duration and blood phosphorus level were the main influencing factors of QoL ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The QoL of patients with CKD undergoing MHD is low, and it is affected by multiple factors. We suggest that healthcare workers should pay attention to the physical and mental health of patients with CKD undergoing MHD, provide individualised and comprehensive nursing interventions and improve their QoL.
目的
调查和分析维持性血液透析（MHD）的慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者的生活质量（QoL），探索影响因素，为制定相应的干预措施提供依据。
方法
对2021年3月至2022年3月期间在医院接受MHD的190例CKD患者进行横断面研究。采用一般信息问卷和肾脏病生活质量简表收集数据。通过t检验和方差分析计算并比较接受MHD的CKD患者的QoL得分。采用Pearson相关分析分析QoL得分与相关因素之间的相关性。采用逐步多元线性回归分析筛选QoL的影响因素。
结果
接受MHD的CKD患者的QoL总分为59.32±11.67，身体成分总结、心理成分总结和肾脏病成分总结得分分别为50.21±9.32、48.76±10.81和66.34±12.76。接受MHD的CKD患者的QoL得分在年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况、就业状况、月收入、透析频率、透析时间和并发症方面存在显著差异（P<0.05）。QoL得分与教育程度、月收入和透析频率呈正相关，与年龄、透析时间和血磷水平呈负相关（P<0.05）。逐步多元线性回归分析表明，年龄、教育程度、就业状况、透析频率、透析时间和血磷水平是QoL的主要影响因素（P<0.05）。
结论
接受MHD的CKD患者的QoL较低，且受多种因素影响。我们建议医护人员应关注接受MHD的CKD患者的身心健康，提供个性化的综合护理干预，提高他们的QoL。
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