Department of Clinical Research, Nordsjællands Hospital, Dyrehavevej 29, 3400, Hillerød, Denmark.
Department of Medicine, Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Nykøbing F. Hospital, Nykøbing Falster, Denmark.
Int Urol Nephrol. 2021 Dec;53(12):2577-2582. doi: 10.1007/s11255-021-02826-6. Epub 2021 Mar 5.
Quality of life (QOL) and physical activity (PA) is reduced in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim was to investigate the impact of marital status and educational level on QOL and PA in patients with CKD including dialysis treatment.
This cross-sectional study included ambulatory adult patients undergoing dialysis or CKD stage 4-5. Data for marital status, educational level and PA were obtained using the Danish health and Morbidity Survey. QOL was assessed using the Physical Component Scale and the Mental Component Scale scores from the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Instrument.
Five hundred twelve participants were included: 316 (62%) were married/had a permanent partner, 119 (23%) had a low level of education, 327 (67%) were physically active. After confounder adjustments (age, sex, treatment), having a permanent partner was associated with greater scores in Mental Component Scale, β 2.88 [CI 95% 0.99; 4.77], p = 0.003, and being physically active in women OR 2.237 [1.231; 4.066], p = 0.008. A high vs low educational level was associated with greater scores in Physical Component Scale (3.79 [1.01; 6.58], p = 0.008) and in Mental Component Scale (3.55 [0.82; 6.28], p = 0.011).
In ambulatory patients with CKD stage 4-5, being married or having a permanent partner and a high educational level had positive impacts on mental QOL. Higher educational level was also associated with better physical QOL. The presented inequality in QOL should be considered in communications, care and treatments in clinical practice.
患有慢性肾脏病（CKD）的患者生活质量（QOL）和身体活动（PA）降低。本研究旨在调查婚姻状况和教育程度对接受透析治疗或 CKD 4-5 期的患者的 QOL 和 PA 的影响。
本横断面研究纳入了正在接受透析或 CKD 4-5 期治疗的门诊成年患者。使用丹麦健康和发病率调查获取婚姻状况、教育程度和 PA 数据。使用肾脏病生活质量量表的身体成分量表和心理成分量表评分评估 QOL。
共纳入 512 名参与者：316 名（62%）已婚/有固定伴侣，119 名（23%）教育程度低，327 名（67%）身体活跃。调整混杂因素（年龄、性别、治疗）后，有固定伴侣与心理成分量表评分更高相关，β 2.88 [CI 95% 0.99；4.77]，p=0.003，女性身体活跃与更高的 OR 2.237 [1.231；4.066]，p=0.008。与低教育程度相比，高教育程度与身体成分量表评分更高相关（3.79 [1.01；6.58]，p=0.008）和心理成分量表评分更高相关（3.55 [0.82；6.28]，p=0.011）。
在接受 CKD 4-5 期治疗的门诊患者中，已婚或有固定伴侣以及高教育程度对心理健康 QOL 有积极影响。较高的教育程度也与更好的身体 QOL 相关。在临床实践中，应该考虑到这些不平等的 QOL 对沟通、护理和治疗的影响。
