Food Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
Anal Methods. 2024 Mar 7;16(10):1515-1522. doi: 10.1039/d3ay01928d.
Natural and synthetic dyes are added to different food commodities to enhance their appearance and acceptance by consumers. Acute and chronic exposure owing to the consumption of non-permitted dyes may lead to health concerns such as allergic reactions, eczema, and asthma. 4-(Dimethylamino)azobenzene (4-DMAAB) is a non-permitted dye that has been reported in adulterated mustard oil. Consumption of 4-DMAAB poses severe risks due to its mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. Several sensitive methods such as FT-NIR, FT-MIR and SERS are available for the detection of 4-DMAAB. Here, a spectrophotometric method was developed for the detection of 4-DMAAB. The developed method was translated to a point-of-test paper-based, chromogenic strip which showed a detection limit of 0.025 mM for 4-DMAAB. Also, an electrochemical sensor was developed by electro-depositing the test solution on a screen-printed electrode. The electrochemical sensor showed an LOD of 0.027 ± 0.008 mM with recovery in the range of 91-107% of 4-DMAAB. Oil samples collected from the market were processed by liquid-liquid extraction and the content of 4-DMAAB was assessed. The developed point-of-use sensors for the detection of 4-DMAAB have potential for use by the consumers, food industry and regulatory agencies for on-site analysis and assuring the quality of edible oils.
天然和合成染料被添加到不同的食品中，以增强它们的外观和消费者的接受度。由于食用未经许可的染料，会导致消费者出现急性和慢性暴露，从而引发健康问题，如过敏反应、湿疹和哮喘。4-（二甲基氨基）偶氮苯（4-DMAAB）是一种未经许可的染料，曾在掺假的芥末油中被报道过。由于其具有致突变和致癌特性，4-DMAAB 的消费会带来严重的风险。目前已经有几种敏感的方法，如傅里叶变换近红外（FT-NIR）、傅里叶变换中红外（FT-MIR）和表面增强拉曼散射（SERS），可用于检测 4-DMAAB。在这里，我们开发了一种用于检测 4-DMAAB 的分光光度法。该方法被转化为一种基于点的试纸显色条，对 4-DMAAB 的检测限为 0.025mM。此外，还通过在丝网印刷电极上电沉积测试溶液开发了电化学传感器。电化学传感器对 4-DMAAB 的检测限为 0.027±0.008mM，回收率在 4-DMAAB 的 91-107%范围内。从市场上采集的油样经过液液萃取处理，评估 4-DMAAB 的含量。用于检测 4-DMAAB 的这种现场使用传感器具有供消费者、食品行业和监管机构使用的潜力，可用于现场分析和确保食用油的质量。
